한국의 교육열풍은 이미 광풍이라고 칭하여도 부족하지 않다고 할 것이다. 한국은 고교등급제를 사실상 부활시키려는 움직임을 보이고 있다. 그런데 중국의 교육시스템과 교육 열풍은 한국을 뛰어넘는다고 감히 말할 수 있다.

중국의 경우 고등학교입학시험이 아직도 존재한다. 그뿐만이 아니라 중학교입학시험도 존재한다. 그리고 중고등학교입학시험은 한국의 수능만큼이나 경쟁이 심하다. 왜냐하면 중국의 중고등학교는 각기 다른 등급으로 나누어져 있기 때문이다. 무슨무슨 실험학교의 경우 입학을 한다면, 일류 대학교에 가는 것이 별 어렵지 않다. 인민대부속중학교나 북경4중의 경우 전국적으로도 이름 높은 고등학교의 경우 북경대-청화대와 같은 대학교에 진학하는 것이 거의 문제가 되지 않을 정도이다.

이런 상황에서 중국의 아이들은 소학교(초등학교)때부터 죽도록 공부를 할 수밖에 없다. 모든 시스템이 그렇게 만들어져 있는 것이다. 물론 한국에서도 초등학교때부터 공부를 시키지만 아직은 중고등학교등급제가 제대로 부활을 하지 않아서 여유가 있는 형편이라고 할 수 있을 것이다.

그 뿐만이 아니다. 한국의 수능이라고 할 수 있는 중국의 카오카오(高考)의 경우 한국과는 다르게 3일동안 진행이 된다. 재미있는 것은 한국에서는 수능한파라고 하는데 중국에서는 카오카오열풍이라고 한다. 한국이 수능날만 되면 얼어죽을 듯한 추위가 몰려오는 것처럼 중국의 카오카오 기간은 6월달로 보통은 어마어마하게 덥다.(올해의 경우 비가 내려서 규칙이 좀 깨지긴 했지만^^:: ) 그 외에도 보습반이라는 지금 한국에 널리 퍼진 형태도 중국의 부시반(补习班)에서 왔다는 설이 있다. 실제로 중국에서는 오래전부터 보습반과 같은 형태가 운영되어 온 것이다. 학생을 공부하는 기계로 묶어버리는 보습반이라는 제도까지 한국으로 수출하는 중국인 것이다.

그런데 이런 중국에서 근 몇년 동안 교육시스템의 개혁을 논하고 있다. 지금과 같은 방식의 교육에서는 창의적인 인재가 나올 수 없다는 것이 개혁파의 입장이다. 시험을 위한 공부와 실제 생활을 위한 공부가 분명히 다름에도 불구하고 10대의 모든 시기를 시험만을 위해서 공부하게 만드는 것은 문제라는 것이다. 어디서 많이 들어본 이야기 아닌가? 한국이 다시 중고교등급제를 부활시키려고 하는 이 때에 많은 생각을 하게 하는 중국의 이야기라고 할 수 있다.


------------
중국에서 지금 한창 까오카오기간이라서 교육시스템에 대해서 대충 적어보았다.
근데..........먼 말을 한거지?;;; 가물가물;;; 먼산;;;;
요즘 들어서 글을 정말로 막 쓰는거 같아. 그냥 생각나는대로 탁탁탁.....음하하하하;;;;;
(언제는 안 그랬냐고 한다면 할말 없음-0-)

经学校研究,根据考试成绩,决定以下同学参加北京大学2009年外国留学生本科生复试。

 

一、以下同学请于59日上午800开始参加复试

准考证号(尾数后三位):

1

22

117

240

339

465

553

2

23

136

268

395

487

677

4

30

150

305

399

488

702

11

42

189

309

421

493

718

19

93

198

335

454

533

 

 

13

34

108

140

176

237

257

15

59

116

151

211

241

260

16

62

122

161

213

250

261

17

88

135

162

214

254

264

33

104

139

163

215

256

267

 

二、以下同学请于59日上午950开始参加复试

准考证号(尾数后三位):

269

301

346

393

430

456

485

276

304

369

402

440

463

492

277

314

380

407

443

467

494

287

326

382

422

444

482

495

296

332

392

424

447

483

496

 

497

555

584

621

659

703

714

509

557

601

623

660

705

 

531

558

606

631

666

707

 

551

559

608

649

672

709

 

554

571

613

650

693

711

 

 

复试考场在北京大学校内,具体地点另行通知,请考生注意携带好准考证、本人护照,按规定时间到场,迟到者将取消面试资格。报名时尚未交齐报名材料的考生,复试时必须一并补齐,逾期将不再受理。

 

 

北京大学国际合作部

留学生办公室

2009427


올해도 합격자의 번호만 있고, 이름은 없다. 에휴...
그래도 시험장소에서 "나름" 조용했던 것을 행복하게 생각해야겠지...


저는 북경대학교 역사과 석사과정의 김바로라고 합니다. 아마 저를 아시리라 생각합니다. 제가 작년에 북경대학교 입학시험. 그 속의 부끄러운 한국인. 을 쓴 사람입니다. 그 때 명예훼손 이야기도 나왔었죠. 그런데 올해 또 한번 고소한다고 하셔야 될듯 합니다.

제가 아는 정보로는, 작년하고 다르게 이번에는 북경대 한국유학생회 차원에서 입시학원들과 유학원과 접속을 하였습니다. 자제를 촉구하는 것은 물론 해결 방안까지 제시한 것으로 알고 있습니다. 그런데 이를 받아들일 생각을 하지 않으시고 오히려 "어디 학생회가 우리가 하는 일을 방해하냐"라고 하셨다지요? 그 뿐만이 아니라 저를 언급하시면서 불러오라고 하셨다지요?

결론적으로 작년과 똑같이 제대로 허가도 받지 않고, 마음대로 자리를 만들고, 마음대로 현수막을 걸어버릴 생각이라시지요? 좋습니다. 저도 제가 쓴 글의 책임을 짊어지어야 됩니다. 그래서 이번에는 제대로 이루어지길 바랬고, 뒤에서 나름의 노력을 했습니다만, 하지만 상황이 이렇게 되면 올해 시험 보는 장소에 가서, 여러분들이 하는 일을 그대로 전달하도록 하겠습니다.

제가 대체 무슨 자격으로 이따위 일을 벌이냐고요? 전 북경대학교 본과 졸업생이자, 현재 석사과정을 밟고 있는 사람입니다. 제 학교를 사랑하는 마음으로 이렇게 하는 것입니다. 굳이 보통 분들이 쉽게 받아들이실 이유를 말하자면, 기자협회에 정식으로 등록된 "기자"로서 사회적인 문제를 공정하게 보도하기 위해서 입니다.

사실 기사만 쓸 생각을 한다면, 이렇게 글을 올릴 필요도 없습니다. 그냥 당일의 어처구니 없는 현장만 사진으로 찍어서 올리면 되겠지요. 하지만 전 그런 일 자체가 벌어지는 것을 원하지 않습니다. 그래서 이렇게 솔직담백하게 공개적으로 이야기 하는 것입니다. 제발 지금 하려는 일을 하지 마십시오. 경고합니다. 그리고  부탁드립니다.

지금이라도 생각을 바꾸셔서, 여러 학원들이 북경대 한국유학생회의 아래에서 다 같이 순순하게 응원하시기를 바랍니다. 북경대 입학시험은 당신들의 세력싸움이나 기싸움의 장소가 아닙니다. 학생들의 땀방울을 시험받는 중요한 장소입니다.

일단 이번에 시험에 참가하신 학생 여러분. 그리고 그 학생들의 뒤에서 뼈를 깍는 수고를 하신 부모님들. 수고하셨습니다! 이제 사실상 의미가 없는 면접시험만 남았으니 편안하게 쉬시면 될듯 합니다. 단! 비리로 들어오는 인간들은 그냥 지금 당장 나가죽어버려. ^^

 在9月见哦~(9월달에 봐요~)

이번 시험장 앞은 한마디로 부끄러운 한국인들이 너무나 많이 보였다.  이제 시험이 끝난지 일주일. 그 동안 죽어라 술 마시거나, 죽어라 인터넷을 하거나, 다른 학교를 공부를 하거나, 어찌되었든 이미 시험 후유증은 없어졌으리라 생각한다. 이제 칼날을 들어보겠다. 그 부끄러운 한국인들의 현장으로 들어가보자.
 

사용자 삽입 이미지

한국유학생회가 학교의 "허가"을 받아 설치한 현수막. 당연히 중국말로 제작되었다. 내용은 "시험 잘보셔요!"


2008년 4월 12일과 13일은 북경대학교 본과 입학시험이 있는 날이다.  예전부터 그러하였지만 학원들이 점차 입시의 필수코스처럼 자리 잡아가고 있다. 이러한 현상은 개인적으로는 매우 안타깝게 생각한다. 단지 시험만을 위해서 공부를 하는 분들 중에서는 기본적인 중국어 실력이 안되는데, 시험 기술만으로 입학하시는 분도 있기 때문이다. 하지만 돈만 있으면 무엇이든 할 수 있는 현실에서 어쩔 수 없는 모습일 것이다.

문제는 그 학원들이 북경대학교 입학시험 현장에서 벌인 어이없고 부끄러운 모습들이다.

** 북경대학 한국 유학생회를 그냥 학생회로 쓴 점 죄송합니다. 평소에 그냥 학생회로 칭하기에 저도 모르게 실수를 했습니다. 다시 한번 죄송합니다.

** 몇몇 사진은 초상권침해문제로 다시 한번 더 불투명하게 조정했습니다. 대신 사진의 효과가 조금 떨어졌습니다. 양해 부탁드립니다.

본인은 12일 아침 7시 반에 시험 현장으로 나갔다. 그리고 어이없는 모습을 목격하였다. 고려학원의 대형버스가 시험현장 앞의 2차선 도로의 한 부분을 가로 막고 있는 것이다. 덕분에 시험장 앞은 빠져나가려는 차들과 수험생들의 물결로 정신이 없었다. 그 뿐만이 아니었다. 시험장 문 바로 앞에 자리를 잡고 판을 벌린 청산학원을 위시한 수많은 학원들. 무엇보다 어이가 없었던 것은 "한글로만" 만들어진 수 많은 현수막들이었다.

 

사용자 삽입 이미지

위에 잘 보이지는 않지만 서 있는 고려학원 버스.그리고 아래쪽에 맘대로 부스를 설치한 청산학원.잘들 하는 꼬.라.지.다.


이것이 무엇이 문제냐고? 한국의 수능시험장 앞에서는 당연히 있는 일이 아니냐고?

1) 부스 설치는 미리 허가를 받아야된다.

북경대학교 안에서 모든 부스는 사전 허락을 받아야만 설치할 수 있다. 무엇보다 시험장 앞에 당당히 붙어있는 "부스를 설치하면 안됩니다"라는 안내문구를 보기만 하여도 이 점은 충분히 알 수 있다. 하지만 어떻게든 자신들을 홍보하려는 학원들에게 이 점은 전혀 문제가 되지 않을 것이다.

북경대학교 학생회는 유학생처나 학교 보안관계자들과 아는 사이임에도 매번 행사가 있을 때마다 공문을 보내고 허가를 받는 것이 심심해서 그런 것 같은가? 학교의 규칙을 따르겠다는 의미이다. 여긴 북경대학교이다. 당신들의 학원이 아니다. 여긴 여기의 규칙이 있는 것이다.
 

사용자 삽입 이미지

보이는가? 저 한자로 써있는게 "시험장 앞에서는 부스 설치를 금합니다. 지켜주시기 바랍니다." 라는 안내문이다. 하지만 그 바로 옆에서 대 놓고 판벌려놓은 청산학원. 물론 그 외에 다른 학원도 다른 쪽에 판벌려놓았다. 잘한다. 잘해.


결국 그 다음날 시험장 입구 앞에 부스 설치를 못하도록 차단되었다. 단지 한국유학생회는 미리 허락을 받았음으로 편안하게 부스를 만들고 학생들에게 물과 초코렛을 나누어주었다. 이에 대해서 한국 유학생회가 학교측에 일러바친 것이 아니냐고 하는 분들이 있는데, 첫날을 생각해보라. "누가 봐도" 어지럽고 혼잡스러웠던 이유가 어디에 있었을까 스스로 반성해 보아라!


2) 현수막도 허가를 받아야한다.

북경대학교 내에서 현수막도 허가를 받고 걸어야 한다. 물론 학원들이 그딴 허락을 신경 쓸리도 없다. 또한 한국어로 현수막을 만들어서도 안된다. 여긴 중국 학교이다. 조금만 생각해보아도 당연한 일일 것이다. 물론 한국어가 필요할 때에는 허락을 받으면 된다. 물론 이런 허락이 있는 것을 학원이 모르지 않는다. 그냥 일단 걸고 본 것이다.

그리고 북경대 시험을 보는 것이 한국인 뿐만이 아니라 다른 나라 사람들도 있다. 단지 수험생들을 응원하는 목적이라면 다른 나라 학생들을 위해서 중국어로 현수막을 만드는게 기본 아닐까? 그 점에서 역대 대대로 중국어로 된 응원문구를 제작하는 한국유학생회에 박수을 보낸다.

결국 12일 10시경. 열받은 학교 관계자들에 의하여 모든 현수막이 내려졌다. 그 다음날도 현수막을 걸지 못했다. 그것 가지고 무엇이라고 뒤에서 꿍시렁 거린 학원관계자가 있는 것으로 아는데, 생각 좀 하고 살아라. 쫌!


3) 시험장 앞에 버스를 세워놓다니...

고려학원의 만행은 생각 하지 않아도 알것이다. 무슨 생각으로 좁은 시험장앞의 길에 고려학원의 글자가 당당히 적혀 있는 대형버스를 주차할 생각을 했을까? 나중에 학교 관계자가 차를 뺴라고 요구하자 운전기사를 찾지 못한다는 어처구니 없는 변명이나 하고 말이다. 처음부터 그런 곳에 주차할 생각을 한 것 자체가 한심하다.


사용자 삽입 이미지

저기 빨간 색이 고려학원 버스이다. 2차선 도로인데 그중 하나를 점령하니..

사용자 삽입 이미지

이렇게 차가 막히게 되는거다! 알겠냐 고려학원!!!

결국 12일 8시 40분쯤에서야 해당 차가 다른 곳으로 이동하였다. 한심하다. 고려학원.


4) 시험장 앞에서 난리치는 청산학원. 니들 잘났다.

이제 입장할 시간이 되었다. 그러자 청산학원은 "인간 통로"를 만들어서 사람들을 응원하려고 했다. 하지만 왜 한필이면 입구 바로 앞의 좁은 곳에서 "그 지랄"을 하느냐는 것이다. 안 그래도 좁은 입구가 양측에 학원들이 벌려놓은 책상들로 더 좁아졌는데, 그곳에 인간 통로를 만들면 청산과 관련 없는 학생들은 어떻게 들어가라는 것인가?

청산이 차지하는 공간을 때문에 더욱 더 복잡해진 것은 알고 있는가? 생각이 있나 없나? 자기 학원생들만 챙기면 끝이라는 것인가?


사용자 삽입 이미지

1)번에는 청산의 부스가 2)번에는 청산이 만든 라인이 4)에는 다른 학원들의 부스가 있었다. 청산 혼자 반을 점령했다. 결국 청산이 아닌 입시생들은 3번의 좁은 통로로 들어가야 했다. 그 결과!

사용자 삽입 이미지

가운데 보이는 라인 안으로 들어가는 청산. 그리고 남은 좁은 길로 들어가려는 다른 수험생들. 청산아. 이거 보면서 느껴지는거 없느냐?



5) 중국 학생들이 무엇이라고 했는지 아는가?

해당 시험장의 위치는 북경대학교 도서관의 북쪽이자, 본인도 이번학기에 수업이 2개나 있는 건물이다. 한마디로 수 많은 중국 학생들도 자주 지나다니는 그런 곳이다. 본인의 아는 녀석들도 지나갔다. 이게 먼 "난리"라고 하더라. 북경대학교 학생이면 나중에 중국의 핵심 요직들에 들어갈 녀석들이 쌓여있는 곳이다. 그런 사람들이 이런 "난리"를 보면서 한국에 대해서 어떻게 생각할 것 같은가? 참 좋게도 생각하겠다.




학원들. 정신 차려라. 당신들이 이미 유학생처의 선생님들과 모종의 관계를 가지고 있다는 것은 사람들 모두 알고 있다. 어떤 관계자는 본인에게 "이런글 계속 적다가는" 학교 짤릴 수도 있다고 경고까지 해주셨으니 말이다. 하지만 그런 모종의 관계를 믿고 막나가겠다는 것인가? 아니 그럴 수록 자중해야되는 것 아닌가?

부족한 부분을 보충할 수 있는 학원의 순기능을 부정하고 있는게 아니다. 하지만! 비리를 중계해준다는 소리를 듣고 있는 학원들이 이제는 대놓고 한국 망신을 시키니 조용히 있기 힘들어서 이렇게 중얼거려 본다. 정신 좀 차려라!

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첫날에는 온갖 허가를 다 받았은 한국유학생회임에도 학원에 밀려 쫒겨난 불우한 것들. 다음날에는 경비원들이 학원을 제지하였고, 덕분에 허가를 받은 한국유학생회는 편안하게 학생들에게 음료수와 간식을 나누어주었답니다.




 

짦게 추가 : 청산과 고려만을 죽도록 씹은 거 같다. 물론 그 외에 학원들도 잘한거 없다. 하지만 이 두 학원이 씹힐짓을 워낙 강렬하게 해서 다른 학원은 언급하지 않았다. 비젼교회와 학원로교회분들. 특별한 홍보 목적보다는 수험생들을 응원한다는 의미가 강해서 따로 언급하지는 않았지만, 다음부터는 허가를 받고 하셨으면 좋을듯 싶다.

왜 이제서야 이 글을 올리냐는 분. 만일에 학원에 다니는 수험생이 이 글을 보고 컨디션이 조금이라도 흔들릴까봐 지금에 올리는 것이다.


추가 : 죄송합니다. 가끔 테터가 오작동을 할때가 있는데, 덧글 금지을 해놨군요. ㅠㅠ
정말 죄송합니다. ㅠㅠ   지금은 마음대로 덧글을 다실 수 있습니다.



홍보 한마당!
북경대학교를 준비하시는 분들은 아래의 주소로 들어가보시길 바랍니다. 해당 카페는 북경대학교 재학생들에 의하여 자발적으로 만들어졌고, 어떤 학원이나 유학원에도 속하지 않는다는 정신을 유지하고 있습니다. 특히 지방이나 한국에서 북경대에 대한 정보을 전혀 모르시는 분들에게는 좋은 곳이 될듯 합니다.

http://cafe.daum.net/pekinguniversity


추가 : 한 분이 덧글로 명예훼손의 문제가 없지 않으냐고 하셔서 알아보았습니다. 간단히 요약하면, 한국은 "사실"을 말해도 명예훼손이 성립하는 반면 중국은 "사실"을 말할 경우 명예홰손이 성립되지 않는군요. 중국 언론의 자유를 지적하던 저로서는 조금 부끄러운 결론이었습니다.

더 자세한 사항은 중국의 명예훼손법은 이렇다. 에 올려놓았습니다.



해당 관련자에게만 필요한 정보라서 번역 안하겠습니다. (석박사 시험 본다는 분이 아래 중국어 몇마디 해석 못하면...들어와서 공부 못하죠^^::) 몇가지 과거와는 다른 특징을 설명하면...

1) 07년도부터 외국인들의 필기시험이 없어져서, 서류와 면접만이 있습니다.
(그래서 그 전 학번들이 저를 부러움의 눈빛으로 보더군요. 무지 편하게 들어왔다고! 음하하하...그리고 북경대의 현재 정책상 앞으로 최소 5년은 외국인이 필기시험을 볼 일은 없어질 것 같습니다. 사실 이렇게 변한 이유가 몇가지 있지만 이유까지 알 필요야-_)

2) 07년도에 비해서 신청을 빨리 오래 받는군요.
(작년에는 11월까지도 어떻게 할까 갈팡질팡하더니 말입니다.)

3) 07년도와 다르게, 아예 문과는 8급, 이과는 6급의 HSK를 요청합니다.
(라고는 하지만...8급은 중국어 1년만 열심히 하면 딸 수 있습니다.-_-)4)

나중에 석박사입학시험 공략을 올려보도록 하겠습니다.
(개인적으로는 이제는 본과 입학시험이 훨씬 어렵다고 생각되는군요-_)


2008年度北京大学留学生研究生招生即将开始,招生简章(中文英文)已在网上公布,欢迎符合条件的申请者按照简章中的要求准备材料,踊跃申请。以下事项请关注:

1、申请时段:2007年09月15日—12月15日,面交材料的日期至12月14日。

2、招生专业: 

北京大学2008年硕士留学生招生专业目录

北京大学2008年博士留学生招生专业目录

 3、语言要求:常规招生专业均为汉语授课,请参考简章中的要求提供汉语水平考试(HSK)成绩。

 4、英语教学的招生项目如下所列:
●光华管理学院国际工商管理硕士项目(IMBA),招生简章参见:http://mba.pku.edu.cn/eng/zsxx/zsxx.htm
●光华管理学院国际博士项目(IPHD),招生要求参见光华管理学院主页:http://www.gsm.pku.edu.cn/store/list/list3.asp?columnId=29&view
●国际关系学院“北京大学——伦敦政治经济学院联合培养双硕士学位项目”(LSE),招生简章参见国际关系学院网站:http://www.sis.pku.edu.cn/web/Index.aspx 
●法学院“中国法”硕士项目,招生简章参见:http://www.law.pku.edu.cn/llmp/en_01.asp

申请者参照上述各项目招生简章的要求进行申请。

 附件:个人陈述专家推荐信申请表

北京大学国际合作部
留学生办公室  
2007年07月25日

나중에 되면 까먹을 것 같아서 적어봅니다.

현재 북경대 입시과정에서 개인적으로 큰 문제라고 생각하는 것중에 하나가 입학시험 합격자 이름을 비공개로 하는 것이다. 예과반이나 경희대 모두 공개인데 왜 입학시험만 비공개일까? 02년도까지만해도 학번과 이름 모두 공개였다. 하지만 그 뒤로 비공개가 되었고, 비리가 성행한다는 목소리뿐만 아니라, 본인이 입학관련 카페에 몸을 담고 있어서 실질적으로 브로커까지 알고 있다.

한마디로 현재 입학비리는 매우 많으며 북경대학교에 재학중인 한국인들이 좌시해서는 안될 중요한 문제가 된 것이다. 비리 입학생들로 인하여 북경대의 한국인들의 이미지가 얼마나 안 좋아질지 스스로 생각해보자. 돈만 주면 들어갈 수 있는 학교에 다니는 것이다.

애써 왜면하지 말자. 실제로 있는 일이라는거 다 알지 않는가!!
고쳐야 하지 않은가!!



일단 현재의 북경대학교 한국인유학생회가 나서서 일을 버려야될거 같다.


방식은 다음과 같다.

1) 한국인 유학생회가 나서서 북경대학교 입학시험에 참가하는 학생들에게 전단을 뿌리고, 홈페이지나 기타 방식을 통해서 스스로의 학번과 이름을 명시하게 하는 캠페인을 펼치는 것이다. 그리고 차후 합격자가 나오면 등록된 학번과 이름으로 합격자 이름을 공개하는 것이다. 이렇게 되면 추후 비리로 들어온 학생은 확실하게 걸린다.

전체 입학시험 참가자가 보통 800여명이니 좀 어려울것도 같다. 그리고 다른 외국인 유학생회와의 연계도 필요할듯 하다.


2) 혹은 합격자 명단이 나온뒤, 합격자들에게 스스로의 학번과 이름을 공개하라고 요구하는 방식도 있다. 합격자는 150명 아래이니 쉬울듯도 하지만, 연락하기가 그리 쉽지만은 않을것이다. 이것을 하려면 시험전부터 미리미리 사람들에게 북경대학교 한국인학생회 홈피를 홍보하고 참가하게 만들 무엇인가가 필요할 듯 하다.

1번과 2번 방식 모두 직접 학번과 이름을 받는 방법도 있겠지만(이 경우는 빠오밍하는 곳 밖에서 서명을 받는 것도 방법이지만, 우편으로 접수하는 경우도 있기에 모든 정보를 모으는것이 힘들지도 모르겠다. 예전처럼 북경대가 주관하는 푸다오라도 있으면 이 방식이 더 편하겠지만 없어진걸 어찌하리오) 그래서 다른 방법은 북경대학교 한국인학생회 홈페이지에 해당 게시판 혹은 서명폼을 제작하여 올리는 것도 한 방법이다.



3) 유학생처와 교무부에 직접 이름 공개를 요구하는 방법이 사실 제일 쉽다. 하지만 한국인학생회가 이정도의 정치력이 있는지 심히 의심이 갈 뿐이다. 만약 이 방식을 채택하려면 우선 북경대 bbs등에서 중국 학생들을 상대로 여론을 조성하고 중국인 학생회측의 힘을 빌리는 것이 좋다고 판단된다.



우리 비리좀 없애자. 이거 북경대에 있는 한국인들의 수치란걸 왜 모르는가?
그 몇몇 비리생들때문에 나머지 모든 한국인들이 얼굴에 먹칠을 당하는 것을 왜 모르는가?

그리고...북경대학교 출신이면서 유학원에 취직하여 비리입학을 주선하는 모모군같은 인간이 나온다는걸 왜 모르는가?! 알지 않는가! 그리고 그 모모군. 한번만 더 걸리면 베이징에서 매장 시켜 줄 것이다. 북경대 출신이 자신의 얼굴에 스스로 먹칠을 하는가? 잘하는 짓이다.



나중에 정리해서 학생회쪽에 밀어넣어볼까 합니다.
..............-_- 요즘 몇가지일로 열받아서 적어 봤습니다....
그나저나...북대 출신이면서 브로커 하는 당신. 실명까지 알고 있으나 일단 참겠습니다. 한번만 더 같은 소식이 들어오면 절대 용납하지 않을 것입니다. 농담 아닙니다. 자신이 하는 "짓"이 잘하는 "짓"이라고 생각하십니까? 전 그런"꼬라지" 못 보겠습니다.


그 동안 북경대학교 Q&A를 요요에게 맡겨두고 운영자 이름만 걸고 잘 놀고 있었습니다. 사실 왠만한 내용은 요요가 다 대답할 수 있고(혹시라도 모르면 저한테 전화해서 물어보면 되죠) 요즘은 학원이 대세인지라, 예전처럼 독학으로 북대 시험을 보는 미련한?! 사람은 별로 없는 형편이니 카페가 예전 이맘때에 비하여 조용한 것이 사실입니다.

요즘 이번 07년도 입학시험을 가지고 이런 저런 말들이 있습니다. 제가 이번에 시험 문제를 직접 본 것이 아닌지라 정확하게 판단하기는 힘이 듭니다만, 그 동안 5년동안의 경험(훗- 왠만한 학원 원장보다 제가 더 경험이 많을 것이외다-_-+) 으로 추측해 보겠습니다.


1. 북경대 고액 푸다오.
북경대에서 연 것이다. 아니다 일부 교수랑 외부 학원이 결탁한 것이다. 3000달러나 줬는데 먼가가 있겠지. 해도 해도 너무하는 것 아니냐?! 이번에 나오는 문제 거의 다 알려줬다더라...어쩌고 저쩌고...꿍시렁...꿍시렁...

한마디로 요약하겠습니다.
당신이 열심히 해서 1등이면 비리가 100명이어도 들어올 것입니다.
저도 아무리 생각해도 비리때문에 시험 한번 실패하고, 재수해서 들어왔습니다. 그렇다고 처음 시험에서 그리 억울하지도 않습니다. 제가 실력이 부족해서 떨어진 것이었을테니까 말이죠. 억울하십니까? 죄송합니다. 원래 사회가 공평하지 않습니다. 이제부터라도 절실히 깨닭아 보십시오. 현대 사회는 돈 있는 자가 최고입니다. 만약 돈 없이 무엇을 하려고 한다면, 죽도록 열심히 해보십시오. 그럼 됩니다. 그렇지 않으시면 부모 핑계만 대면서 인생을 허비하시던지요.

그리고 비리로 들어오신 분들. 알 사람들은 다 당신이 어찌 들어온 줄 압니다. 들어왔으면 닥치고 조용히 공부나 하십시오. 아님 돈 뿌려서 졸업하시던지요. 당신이 수업은 안나오고 맨날 술 쳐먹으면서 지랄하는 것은 저랑 상관이 없지만, 그것이 한국인은 다 그래라는 말로 나한테까지 피해가 오는 꼴은 도저히 못 보겠소이다. 그랬다간 어떻게든 까발릴 것이외다.

2. 수학의 기하문제
나왔다고 하더군요. 그것도 들리는 소문으로는?! 입체 기하라더군요. 이건 정말 모르겠습니다. 제가 시험 문제를 본 것이 아니라서 정확하게 말할 수 없군요. 하지만 기하는 분명히 본과 입시 요강에 들어 있습니다. 물론 입시 요강에 적혀 있는 것은 평면기하까지 적혀 있습니다. 그런데 입체 기하가 나왔다고 하더군요. 진짜 인지 아닌지 정확하게 몰라서 애매하긴 합니다.

하지만 역대 북대의 출제 방식을 생각하면, 지금까지와 다른 방식을 시도할 때에는 문제 난이도가 상당히 쉽게 나옵니다. 03년도 입시에 수학이 처음 도입되었을 때 난이도가 상당히 쉬웠죠. 04년도때 중국개괄이 생겼을도 문제 난이도가 너무나 쉽게 나와서 맥이 빠졌다고 말한 분들도 많이 계셨죠. 그와 동일하게 이번 기하문제도 거의 기초적인 기하 공식으로 풀 수 있는 문제였으리라 생각합니다.

하지만 이 부분은 제가 그 문제를 보기 전까지 정확한 말은 보류해 두도록 하겠습니다.


3. 학원의 의존성
개인적으로 한마디하고 싶습니다. 물론 지금 학원들은 상당히 훌륭한 데이터베이스를 구축하고 있습니다. 저도 학원들이 원생들에게 돌리는 자료들을 보고서 감탄을 했답니다. 제가 힘들여서 정리를 했던 하나하나들을 그렇게 쉽게 구하다니 왠지 억울하기까지 했답니다. 하지만 말입니다.

정리라는 것은 직접 해야되는 것입니다. -_-;; 대부분의 분들이 이 점을 까먹고 있으신듯 합니다. 설령 학원에서 정리를 나누어 준다고 하더라도, 모든 글을 한번 보고 다 외울 수 있는 능력이 있기 전에는 스스로 자신의 형식에 따라서 다시 정리해야되는 것입니다.

또한 학원에서 여러가지 모의 문제를 나누어 주더군요. 제가 시험볼때는 그런 것 없었습니다. 그냥 저희가 스스로 문제를 만들고 서로서로 시험을 보았었지요. 그런데 말입니다. 두가지 방법 다 상당히 유용한 방법이라는 사실을 알고 계십니까? 모의 문제를 풀어보는건 문제를 푸는 것 자체의 능력을 늘일 수 있습니다. 하지만 문제를 만들면서 출제자의 마음을 옅볼 수 있습니다.

이렇게 문제를 만들어서 연습했다면 이번 수학이 그리 어렵지 않았으리라 확신하는군요.하지만 요즘 스스로 문제를 만들어서 서로서로 풀어보는 학생이 있을지 의문이군요. 편한 것만 찾다가 오히려 좋은 것을 잃는 수가 있답니다.

앞으로도 학원은 여전할 것입니다. 하지만 학원이 준 것만을 하면 합격한다는 생각을 하지 마시고, 스스로 생각하고 스스로 연구해서 자신만의 방법을 만들어 보시는 것은 어떻겠습니까? 특히 작년과 올해의 시험에서의 학원의 역할을 보면서 한숨을 쉬고 있는 어떤 북대 선배의 마음이었습니다.


4. 앞으로 입학할 분들에게...
비리로 들어온 사람들에게는 이미 위에서 말했죠? ^^ 별로 바라는 것도 없습니다. 닥치고 저까지 욕먹게만 하지 말고 졸업이나 조용히 해주시면 감사하겠습니다. 아시겠죠? ^^


정상적으로 들어오신 분들. 몇가지만 조언해 드리겠습니다.
1) 중국인과 친하게 지내셔요^^
무엇하러 북대에 오셨나요? 한국클럽에 들어서 한국인들과 한국어로만 이야기 나눌려고 오셨나요? 한국인과 아예 인연을 끊으라는 것은 아닙니다. 하지만 평소에는 중국애들과 말 한마디도 안하다가 시험때만 되면 알랑방귀나 뀌는 사람은 되지 말라는 당부랍니다. 여기 중국애들 옷도 못 입고 꾸질 꾸질하다고 느껴지시나요? 하지만 앞으로 중국의 핵심에서 놀 넘들입니다.

2) 결석하실 거 그냥 닥치고 퇴학하십시오.
학교는 밥먹듯이 빠지면서 졸업은 어찌어찌 해보려고 합니다. 문제는 한국인은 소수입니다. 결석하거나 지각하면 눈에 너무나 확 띄입니다. 그럼 결과적으로 맨날 제대로 나오는 한국인까지 욕먹습니다. 감사합니다. 덕분에 저도 오래살겠군요.

3) 뒤에 끼리끼리 앉자서 잡담 좀 하지 마셔요.
그럴거면 차라리 결석을 하십시오. 지금까지 다른 학과 수업도 들어 보면서 느낀 점인데 한국인들은 언제나 맨 뒤쪽에 우르르 몰려 앉자서 잡담이나 하고 있더군요. 제발 맨 앞자리에 앉아 주셔요. 아님 최소한 옆에 중국애를 앉히던지요. 말 못해서 죽은 귀신이 씌였습니까? 그것도 한국말 못해서 죽은 귀신이??!!

4) 컨닝하실려면 그냥 닥치고 죽으셔요.
있습니다. 중국애들도 있지만, 너무나 능숙하게 현란하게 컨닝하는 한국인들을 본 것이 한두번이 아닙니다. 후... 이건 강요할 수도 없는 것이지만...제발 부탁드립니다. 컨닝할 바에는 차라리 죽고 만다는 생각으로 공부해주셔요. 컨닝해서 좋은 성적 받고 졸업하면 회사에 취직하고 좋아보이시나요? 그럼 무엇이 남습니까? ㅠㅠ


5. 떨어진 분들에게...
비리를 욕한들 무엇합니까? 소용없사옵나이다. 이왕 떨어진 건 떨어진 것입니다. 독기를 품고 다음 해 시험을 준비하시옵소서^^ 그리고 당분간은 일주일정도만은 술에 빠져도 괜찮답니다.
물론;; 그게 오래되면 좀 문제겠지만요;;




올해도 이렇게 시험이 끝났습니다. 수고하셨습니다. 당분간은 신나게 놀아보셔요^^ 전 합격자 명단이 나오면 다시 돌아오겠습니다. 그때도 상당히 소란스럽겠죠. (너무나 뻔해서 이젠 지겨운 이 순환고리...후..)


“中国概况”试题(文科,满分100分)


一、填空(每个空
1分,共25分)

1.中国国土面积居世界第(    )位,陆地边界约(    )公里,与(    )个邻国接壤。

2.下列直辖市、省的简称:上海(     )、重庆(     )、河北(     )、河南(     )、山东(     )、
山西(
     广东(     )、福建(     )、湖北(     )、湖南(     )。

3.中国的人口占世界的(%人而耕地面积仅占世界总耕地面积的(     %)。

4.中国的司法制度分为三大部分:(     )、(     )、(     )。

5.新中国教育体系由四部分组成:(     )、(     )、(     )、(     )。

6.道家、法家、兵家的主要代表人物分别是:(     )、(     )、(     )。


二、选择正确答案(共
20分)

1.中国最大的淡水湖是:(     )(1分)

A.洞庭湖          B.邵阳湖           C.青海湖          D洪泽湖          E.太湖

2.中国人口最多的三个省份是:(     )(3分)

A.四川省、广东省、河北省         B.江苏省、安徽省、河南省

C.河南省、山东省、四川省

3.中国人口最多的直辖市是:(     )(1分)

A.北京市          B.上海市           C.天津市          D.重庆市

4.中国面积最大的少数民族自治区是:(     )(1分)

A.西藏 B.新疆              C.内蒙古          D.宁夏              E.广西

5.中国最大的天然林区是:(     )(1分)

A.西南林区       B.南方林区       C.东北林区      D.防护林区

6.中国著名的“三大石窟”云冈石窟、龙门石窟、敦煌石窟分别在:(     )(1分)

A.河南省、甘肃省、山西省         B.山西省、河南省、甘肃省

C.甘肃省、山西省、河南省

7.在中国检称为“山水甲天下”的城市是:(     )(1分)

A.昆明              B.桂林              C.杭州              D.重庆

8.宁夏回族,广西壮族两个少数民族自满自治区的首府分别是:(   )(2分)

A.银川              B.南宁              C.西宁              D.桂林

9.中国古代四大科学发明是:(   )(4分)

A.地震仪、火药、造纸、纺织印染

B.指南针、火药、造纸、印刷术

C.指南针、火药、印刷术、中医中药

10.中国最早的医学著作是:(   )(1分)

A.本草纲目                    B.黄帝内经                    C.神农本草

11.中国的最高行政机关即中央人民政府是:(   )(1分)

A.全国人大常委会          B.中共中央

C.全国政协常委会          D.国务院

12.全国人民代表大会每届的任期是:(   )(1分)

A.一年              B.二年              C.四年              D.五年

13.最近全国人大十届四次会议通过的一个最重要文件是:(   )(1分)

A.《政府工作报告》                   C.《反国家分裂法》

C.《第十一个五年规划纲要》

14.中华人民共和国恢复在联合国的合法席位的时间是:(   )(1分)

A194910           B19658

C197110           D19791


三、判断正误(对划“○”,错划“×”,每题
1分,共20分)

1.南海是中国四大海洋中最大最深的海。

2.中国最南部的岛屿是海南岛,最西部的高原是青藏高原。

3.珠江被列为中国第四条大河,水量仅次于长江。

4.湖南、福建、江西三省的省会分别是南昌、厦门、长沙。

5.中国人口的地区分布极不平衡,东南部密度大,西北部密度小。

6.中国矿产资源的重要特点是:品种少,储量丰富,贫矿多,富矿少。

7.中国总人口中汉族占80%,少数民族占20%。

8.中国55个少数民族都有自己的语言和文字。

9.中国现行的行政区划分为省、县、乡镇三级。

10.各级人民代表大会的代表通过直接选举和间接选举的形式产生。

11.全国人民代表大会具有最高立法权、任免权、决定权、监督权。

12.中国政治协商制度的作用主要表现在:政治协商。

13.中国的经济体制改革首先是从农村“包产到户”开始的。

14.孔子、盂子、苟子、老子、韩非子是战国时代的思想家。

15.孟子提出了“性恶论”,苟子提出了“性善论”。

16.董仲舒提出了“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”的主张。

17.中国的书院开始于宋代,是高级形式的私学教育。

18.新中国第一部婚姻法公布于1950年,明确规定婚姻自由、男女平等

19.中国古典园林分为两大类,一类是皇家园林,一类是私家园林。

20.“丝绸之路”东起洛阳,西到罗马,是中国古代的一条贸易通道。


四、问答题(共
15分)

1.中国气候的两个主要特征是什么?(2分)

答:

2.中国的少数民族地区分布有哪四个特点?(4分)

答:

3.新中国前三十年人口出生率为什么那么高?(4分)

答:

4.中国所一贯坚持的和平共处五项原则是什么?(5分)

答:


五、名词解释(
20分)

1.知彼知己,百战不殆:

2.三纲五常:

3.包办婚姻:

4.民族区域自治:

5.三资企业:




참 열심히 외웠는데 밍츠..이렇게만 쓰면 됩답니다..
근데 우리때 그 줄 긋기 문제는 왜 쌩뚱맞게 나타났다 사라진겨?-_-


출처는 사랑하는 기생수~~


2006年北京大学留学生(本科)入学考试

语文试卷


一、听力(
30分,略)


二、汉语知识及运用(
16分,每题2分)

1.下列加点的字注音完全正确的一项是(  

A.应和(hé)        丢三落四(là)        相形见绌(zhuō)       惩罚(chěng

B.游弋(yè)        肆虐(shì)            踮脚(diàn              绾结(wǎn

C.犄角(qí)        伺候(shì)            并行不悖(bèi          罅隙(xià)

D.戳穿(chuō)    阻塞(sè)              恹恹欲睡(yān         偃旗息鼓(yǎn


2
.下列多音字注音正确的一项是(  

A.数伏(ǔ)                  数目(Shù)            数见不鲜(Shù)

B.起哄(hòng            哄骗(hōng          哄笑(hōng

C.星宿(xiù)               宿舍(sù)               住了一宿(xǔ)

D.着急(zhu6            站着(zhe             这一着真绝(zhāo


3
.下列句子中没有错别字的一项是(  

A.老师让他在写文章之前先列一个题纲。

B.她兴高彩烈地向我走来。

C.我终于答应了,因为我必竟是他的母亲啊!

D.各位政协委员和人大代表共商国是。


4
.下列成语中书写无误的一项是(  

A.义不容词  翻天覆地  走投无路  呕心沥血

B.漠不关心  草菅人命  貌合神离  计日程功

C.步履维坚  语无伦次  坦荡如砥  自命不凡

D.不计其数  眼花潦乱  虎视眈眈  三番五次


5
.选择恰当的词语填入空格中,填写字母即可。(  

A.反映    B.推托    C.度   D.渡   E.推脱 F.振奋   G.反应

①文艺作品不应该使读者意志消沉,应该使读者精神              

②大家都为没有虚               光阴而感到欣慰。

③我们把不肯接受、借故拒绝,说成是              

④我推了他一下,可是他没有任何              


6
.下列各旬中加点的介词使用得正确的一项是(  

A.我们做任何事情,都要对于人民负责。

B.帝国主义的侵略行为,对于具有民族自尊心的世界各国人民都不能容忍的。

C.对于这个问题的看法,大家是一致的。

D.中国古代很早就有对于牛郎织女的传说。


7
.选出语病不同于其他三项的一项(  

A.李伟把我刚买的尺子让他弄断了。

B.我被班长把我从操场上叫了回来。

C.通过生动活泼的思想教育,使同学们的政治觉悟大有提高。

D.我们说话写文章,不要用陈词滥调是毫无意义的。


8
.下列每组各有两个句子,每组中语气较重的句子是(写序号即可)

A.①这个问题容易解决。②这个问题不难解决。(  

B.①学语言要下苦功夫。③学语言非下功夫不可。(  

C.①此时,他的心情十分激动。②此时,他的心情是何等激动啊!(  

D.①南国的春风多么温暖。②多么温暖啊,南国的春风。(  


三、文学常识(
14分)

1.下列人物中属于道家学派的一项是(   )(只写字母)(2分)

A.孔子      B.孟子       C.庄子      D.韩非子

2.下列作品属于历史散文的一项是(   )(只写字母)(2分)

A.《论语》   B.《大学》   C.《老子》    D.《左传》

3.写出下列作品的作者(6分)

A《离骚》      B《汉书》      C《史记》

D《逍遥游》    E《过秦论》    F《出师表》

4.默写名句(4分)

A.少无适俗韵,              

B.会当凌绝顶,              

C               ,相逢何必曾相识。

D               ,千里共蝉娟。


四、阅读理解(
30分)

巴金

1)我半夜从噩梦中惊醒,感觉到窒闷,便起来到廊上去呼吸寒夜的空气。

2)夜是漆黑的一片,在我的脚下仿佛横着沉睡的大海,但是渐渐地像浪花似地浮起灰白色的马路。然后夜的黑色逐渐减淡。哪里是山,哪里是房屋,哪里是菜园,我终于分辨出来了。

3)在右边,傍山建筑的几处平房里射出来几点灯光,它们给我扫淡了黑暗的颜色。

4) 我望着这些灯,灯光带着昏黄色,似乎还在寒气的袭击中微微颤抖。有一两次我以为灯会灭了。但是一转眼昏黄的光又在前面亮起来。这些深夜还燃着的灯,它们 (似乎只有它们)默默地在散布一点点的光和热,不仅给我,而且还给那些寒夜里不能睡眠的人,和那些这时候还在黑暗中摸索的行路人。是的,那边不是起了一阵 急促的脚步声吗?谁从城里走回乡下来了?过了一会儿,一个黑影在我眼前晃一下。影子走得极快,好像在跑,又像在溜,我了解这个人急忙赶回家去的心情。那 么,我想,在这个人的眼里、心上,前面那些灯光会显得是更明亮、更温暖吧。

5) 我自己也有过这样的经验。只有一点微弱的灯光,就是那一点仿佛随时都会被黑暗扑灭的灯光也可以鼓舞我多走一段长长的路。大片的飞雪飘打在我的脸上,我的皮 鞋不时陷在泥泞的土路中,风几次要把我摔倒在污泥里。我似乎走进了一个迷阵,永远找不到出口,看不见路的尽头,风几次要把我摔倒在污泥里。我似乎走进了一 个迷阵,永远找不到出口,看不见路的尽头。但是我始终挺起身子向前迈步,因为我看见了一点豆大的灯光。灯光,不管是哪个人家的灯光,都可以给行人——甚至 像我这样的一个异乡人——指路。

6) 这已经是许多年前的事了。我的生活中有过好些大的变化。现在我站在廊上望山脚的灯光,那灯光跟好些年前的灯光不是同样的么?我看不出一点分别!为什么?我 现在不是安安静静地站在自己的楼房前面的廊上么?我并没有在雨中摸夜路。但是看见灯光,我却忽然感到安慰,得到鼓舞。难道是我的心在黑夜里徘徊,它被噩梦 引入了迷阵,到这时才找到归路?

7)我对自己的这个疑问不能够给一个确定的回答。但是我知道我的心渐渐地安定了,呼吸地畅快了许多。我应该感谢这些我不知道姓名的人家的灯光。

8)他们点灯不是为我,在他们的梦寐中也不会出现我的影子。但是我的心仍然得到了益处。我爱这样的灯光。几盏灯甚或一盏灯的微光固然不能照彻黑暗,可是它也会给寒夜里一些不眠的人带来一点勇气,一点温暖。

9)孤寂的海上的灯塔挽救了许多船只的沉没,任何航行的船只都可以得到灯光的指引。哈里西岛上的姐姐为着弟弟点在窗前的长夜孤灯,虽然不曾换回那个海远去的弟弟,可是不少捕鱼归来的邻人都得到了它的帮助。

10)再回溯到远古的年代去。古希腊女教士希洛点燃的火炬照亮了每夜泅过海峡来的利安得尔的眼睛。有一个夜晚暴风雨把火炬弄灭了,让那个勇敢的情人溺死在海里。但是熊熊的火光至今还隐约地亮在我们的眼前,似乎那火炬并没有跟着殉情的古美人永沉海底。

11)这些光都不是为我燃着的,可是连我也分到了他们的一点点恩泽——一点光,一点热。光驱散了我心灵里的黑暗,热促成它的发育。一个朋友说:“我们不是单靠吃米活着。”我自然也是如此。我的心常常在黑暗的海上飘浮,要不是得着灯光的指引,它有一天也会永沉海底。

12) 我想起了另一位友人的故事:他怀着满心的伤痛和必死之心,投到江南的一条河里。到了水中,他听见一声叫喊(“救人啊!”),看见一点灯光,模糊中他还听见 一阵喧闹,以后便失去知觉。醒过来时他发觉自己躺在一个陌生人的家中,桌上一盏油灯,眼前几张诚恳、亲切的脸。“这人间毕竟还有温暖”,他激动地想着,从 此他改变了生活态度。“绝望”没有了,“悲观”消失了,他成了一个热爱生命的积极的人。这已经是二三十年前的事了。我最近还见到这位朋友。那一点灯光居然 鼓舞一个出门求死的人多活了这许多年,使他到现在还活得健壮。我没有跟他重谈起灯光的话。但是我想,那一点微光一定还在他的心灵中摇晃。

13)在这人间,灯光是不会灭的——我想着,想着,不觉对着山那边微笑了。

19422月在桂林

注:作者写此文时,中国正处在抗日战争的关键时刻。


1
.本文的题目是“灯”,开头从“噩梦”和“夜”写起,这样开头的好处是什么?(4分)


2
.作者在文中写到了很多具体的“灯”(“灯光”“火光”)。下面是对这些具体的灯的总结,请指出总结得不恰当的两项(   )(6分)

A.平房里射出的几点灯光

B.雪天夜路上见到的豆大的灯光

C.“我”所热爱的灯

D.古希腊女教士希洛点燃的火炬

E.陌生人家中桌上的油灯

F.哈里希岛上的长夜孤灯

G.“驱散了我心灵里的黑暗”的灯


3
.作者引用一个朋友的话说:“我们不是单靠吃米活着。”请谈谈你对这句话的理解。(6分)


4
.下面四段中,运用了心理描写的一段是(   )(4分)

A.夜是漆黑的一片,在我的脚下仿佛横着沉睡的大海,但是渐渐地像浪花似地浮起灰白色的马路。然后夜的黑色逐渐减淡。哪里是山,哪里是房屋,哪里是菜园,我终于分辨出来了。

B.过了一会儿,一个黑影在我眼前晃一下。影子走得极快,好像在跑,又像在溜,我了解这个人急忙赶回家去的心情。

C.我现在不是安安静静地站在自己的楼房前面的廊上么?我并没有在雨中摸夜路。但是看见灯光,我却忽然感到安慰,得到鼓舞。难道是我的心在黑夜里徘徊,它被噩梦引入了迷阵,到这时才找到归路?

D.古希腊女教士希洛点燃的火炬照亮了每夜泅过海峡来的利安得尔的眼睛。有一个夜晚暴凤雨把火炬弄灭了,让那个勇敢的情人溺死在海里。但是熊熊的火光至今还隐约地亮在我们的眼前,似乎那火炬并没有跟着殉情的古美人永沉海底。


5
.下面对原文的理解正确的两项是(   )(6分)

A.本文在写作上最突出的特点是托物言志,运用了象征的手法。

B.作者在第(7)段中写道“我对自己的这个疑问不能够给一个确定的回答”,是因为黑夜太沉重,自己的心在黑夜里徘徊而不能自拔。

C.作者在第(11)段中写道:“我的心常常在黑暗的海上飘浮,要不是得着灯光的指引,它有一天也会永沉海底”。句中加点的“灯光”指的是哈里西岛上的长夜孤灯。

D.作者在第(12)段中写道:“我没有跟他重谈起灯光的话”。之所以没有重谈起灯光的话,是因为友人早已忘记了这件事。

E.最后一段表达了作者对抗战一定会胜利、光明必将战胜黑暗的坚定信念。


6
.本文写作的线索是什么?请从下面选项中选出恰当的一项(   )(4分)

A.线索是“灯”

B.线索是“黑夜”

C.线索是“山”

D.线索是“想象和联想”


五、写作(
60分)

我们对很多人和事都会有一种“印象”,这种印象”影响到我们的态度。我们的“印象”可以改变,也可以保留下去。你在现实生活中有没有难以忘记的“印象”?或者有没有一种“印象”因为某些原因而发生了变化?你是否从中更加深刻地认识了人生和社会?请以“印象”为话题,写一篇文章,文体不限,不少于700




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“中国概况”试题(文科考生,满分

100分)


1

.中国有多少个省、直辖市、自治区、特别行政区?(2分)


2

.被称为中华民族摇篮的黄河发源于哪个省?最后流入什么海?(2分)


3

.中国正在长江建设的最大水利工程是什么?在哪个省市?(2分)


4

.中国最长的内陆河是哪条河?在哪个少数民族自治区?(2分)


5

.中国的三大平原中哪个面积最大?四大高原中哪个海拨最高?(2分)


6

.中国最大的海洋是哪个海?最大的湖泊是哪个湖?(2分)


7

.中国最大的岛屿是哪个岛?最大的盆地是哪个盆地?(2分)


8

.根据自然和人文条件,中国大体划分为哪九大旅游区?(6分)


9

.请用线连接名山与所在的省或自治区:(6分)

泰山           山西

黄山           新疆

峨眉山       福建

五台山       安徽

武夷山       山东

天山           四川


10

.请用线连接下列城市所在的省或自治区:(6分)

桂林          内蒙古

无锡          湖北

银川          河北

武汉          江苏

石家庄      青海

包头          广西


11

.目前中国的总人口是多少?其中少数民族占百分之多少?(2分)


12

.请写出中国大陆人口最少的少数民族和台湾省人口最多的少数民族的名字。(2分)


13

.中国的人口政策就是“一对夫妇只生一个孩子”吗?(2分)


14

.请划线连接下列少数民族和他们的节日:(4分)

傣族            火把节

蒙古族        开斋节

彝族            泼水节

回族            那达慕大会


15

.请写出中国的主要节日(不少于8个):(4分)


16

.请写出中国的名酒(不少于4种):(4分)


17

.请写出中国的名茶(不少于4种):(4分)


18

.中国古代四大发明指的是哪些科学技术发明?(4分)


19

.《本草纲目》是一部什么著作?著者是明代的哪个人?(2分)


20

.请用线连接下列中国古代思想家和他们的主张:(6分)

孟子          人定胜天

孙子          法、术、势

老子          性善论

苟子          知彼知已,百战不殆。

韩非          三纲五常
                     
董仲舒        无为而治


21

.孔子是什么时代的人物?他的思想集中体现在哪本书中?(4分)


22

.科举是从哪个朝代开始实行的一种什么制度?什么时候废除的?(3分)


23

.中国古代婚姻制度的主要特征是什么?新中国成立后发生了什么变化?(4分)


24

.中国宪法规定最高的国家权力机关是什么?(2分)


25

.中国人民政治协商会议的主要作用是什么?(3分)


26

.请写出中国大陆八个主要民主党派的名称:(4分)


27

.中国的改革开放政策是什么时候在什么会议上决定的?(4分)


28

.现阶段中国经济发展中的一个突出问题是“三农”问题,“三农”指的是什么?(3分)


29

.十届全国人大三次会议通过了一部什么重要法律?(3分)


30

.指导世界各国关系的准则“和平共处五项原则”,是什么时候由中国与哪个国家首先倡导的?(4分)

 

 



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“中国概况”部分试题(文科考生,满分100分)

一、填空: (每个空1分,共30分)
1、中国国土面积:( )平方公里,居世界第( )位。
2、中国的总人口(包括港、澳、台): ( )人,占世界的( %)
3、中国的三大平原: ( ) ( ) ( )
4、中国的四大高原:( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
5、中国的四大海洋: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
6、中国的四大河流: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
7、中国的五大盆地: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
8、 中国政治体制的三个根本制度: ( ) ( ) ( )
9、中国的三大司法机关: ( ) ( ) ( )


二、 选择正确答案(共25分)
1、 中国的四大淡水湖是: (4分)
A、洞庭湖 B、都阳湖 C、青海湖
D、兴凯湖 E、太湖 F、洪泽湖

2、中国最高的山脉是: (工分)
A、泰山 B、昆仑山 C、喜马拉雅山 D、黄山

3、中国最大的岛屿是: (1分)
A、海南岛 B、台湾 C、山东半岛 D、辽东半岛

4、中国最大的天然牧场在: (1分)
A、西藏 B、青海 C、内蒙古 D、新疆

5、中国最大的林区是: (1分)
A、东北林区 B、西南林区 C、南方林区 D、防护林区

6、中国正开采的最大油田是: (1分)
A、克拉玛依油 B、玉门油 C、大庆油 D、任丘油田

7、在中国被称为“煤炭之乡”的城市是: (1分)
A、太原 B、抚顺 C、大同 D、开滦

8、中国古代四大科学发明是: (4分)
A、地震仪 B、火药 C、印刷术 D、造纸
E、中医中药 F、指南针 G、纺织印染

9、中国古代教育机构的三大类型是: (3分)
A、官学 B、科举 C、书院 D、学校 E、私学

10、中国法律规定最高的国家权力机关是: (1分)
A、中国人民政治协商会议 B、全国人民代表大会
C、中国共产党中央委员会 D、国务院

11、中国1980年最早建立的四个经济特区是: (4分)
A、汕头 B、青岛 C、厦门 D、大连
E、海 F、珠海 G、广州 H、深圳

12、中国最大的经济特区是: (1分)
A、上海 B、海南 C、东南沿海 D、珠江三角洲

13、中国决定搞改革开放的“中共十一届三中全会”召开的时间是: (1分)
A、1976年10月 B、1978年底 C、 1980年初

14、全国人民代表大会几年召开一次?(1分)
A、一年 B、二年 C、四年 D、五年


三、判断正误(对划“O”错划“X”,每题1分,共20分)
1、中国最大的海洋是东海。
2、中国最大的水库是三门峡水库。
3、中国横跨地球的亚寒带、温带、暖温带、亚热带、热带五个气候带。
4、中国矿产资源的重要特征是: 品种多,储量丰富,地区分布不平衡。
5、中国人口最多的少数民族是回族。
6、中国人口最少的少数民族是珞巴族。
7、那达慕大会是壮族的传统节日。
8、中国的少数民族政策就是尊重少数民族的风俗习惯。
9、中国的政党政治实行的是共产党领导下的多党合作制。
10、政治协商制度的作用主要表现在:政治协商、民主监督。
1l、中国的经济体制改革首先是从14个沿海城市开始的。
12、儒家创始人孔子的思想集中反映在《论语》一书中。
13、苟子继承孔子“仁”的思想提出了“仁政说”。
14、“性恶论”是法家代表人物韩非子提出来的。
15、“无为而治,顺其自然”是老子的思想观点。
16、“有教无类”“因材施教”“温故知新”是朱熹的主张。
17、“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”是秦始皇提出来的。
18、“知己知彼,百战不殆”是孙子兵法的观点。
19、董仲舒的“汉代经学”把儒家学说发展到了一个新的阶段。
20、中国的“六大古都”一般是指:北京、西安、广州、苏州、桂林、杭州。



四、 问答题(共25分)
1、中国地形的突出特点是什么?气候的主要特征是什么? (4分)
答:
2、中国有多少省、直辖市、少数民族自治区、特别行政区?写出少数民族自治区的名称。(3分)
答:
3、当今中国大陆共有多少个民主党派?请例举出其中三个政党的名称。 (2分)
答:
4、目前中国的国家主席、人大常委会委员长、国务院总理、政协主席分别是谁? (2分)
答:
5、中国计划生育政策基本内容是什么? (2分)
答:
6、新中国的婚姻法规定的基本原则是什么? (2分)
答:
7、2003年中国影响最大的科技成就是什么? (2分)
答:
8、中国主要有哪四大菜系? (2分)
答:
9、中华人民共和国在哪一年获得了联合国的合法席位? (2分)
答:
10、中国政府解决台湾问题的基本方针是什么? (2分)
答:
11、中国外交政策的根本原则是什么? (2分)
答:






“中国概况”试题(文科考生,满分100分)标准答案
一、空:(每个空1分,共30分)
1、中国国土面积:(960万)平方公里,居世界第(3)位。
2、中国的总人口(包括港、澳、台):(约13亿)人,占世界的(22%)。
3、中国的三大平原:(东北平原)(华北平原)(长江中下游平原)
4、中国的四大高原:(青藏高原)(黄土高原)(内蒙古高原)(云贵高原)
5、中国的四大海洋:(渤海)(黄海)(东海)(南海)
6、中国的四大河流:(长江)(黄河)(珠江)(黑龙江)
7、中国的五大盆地:(塔里木盆地)(柴达木盆地)(准葛尔盆地)(吐鲁番盆地)(四川盆地)
8、中国政治体制的三个根本制度:(人民代表大会制度)(中国共产党领导下的多党合作制度)(政治协商制度)
9、中国的三大司法机关:(公安机关)(人民法院)(人民检察院)

二、选择正确答案(共25分)
1、中国的四大淡水湖是:(4分)
A、洞庭湖 B、鄱阳湖 C、青海湖
D、兴凯湖 E、太湖 F、洪泽湖
2、中国最高的山脉是:(1分)
A、泰山 B、昆仑山 C、喜马拉雅山 D、黄山
3、中国最大的岛屿是:(1分)
A、海南岛 B、台湾 C、山东半岛 D、辽东半岛
4、中国最大的天然牧场在:(1分)
A、西藏 B、青海 C、内蒙古 D、新疆
5、中国最大的林区是:(1分)
A、东北林区 B、西南林区 C、南方林区 D、防护林区
6、中国正开采的最大油田是:(1分)
A、克拉玛依油田 B、玉门油田 C、大庆油田 D、任丘油田
7、在中国被称为“煤炭之乡”的城市是:(1分)
A、太原 B、抚顺 C、大同 D、开滦
8、中国古代四大科学发明是:(4分)
A、地震仪 B、火药 C、印刷术 D、造纸
E、中医中药 F、指南针 G、纺织印染
9、中国古代教育机构的三大类型是:(3分)
A、官学 B、科举 C、书院 D、学校 E、私学
10、中国法律规定最高的国家权力机关是:(重分)
A、中国人民政治协商会议 B、全国人民代表大会
C、中国共产党中央委员会 D、国务院
11、中国1980年最早建立的四个经济特区是:(4分)
A、汕头 B、青岛 C、厦门 D、大连
E、海口 F、珠海 G、广州 H、深圳
12、中国最大的经济特区是:(1分)
A、上海 B、海南 C、东南沿海 D、珠江三角洲
13、中国决定搞改革开放的“中共十一届三中全会”召开的时间是:(1分)
A、1976年10月 B、1978年底 C、1980年初
14、全国人民代表大会几年召开一次?(1分)
A、一年 B、二年 C、四年 D、五年

三、判断正误(对划“O”错划“X”,每题1分,共20分)
X1、中国最大的海洋是东海。
X2、中国最大的水库是三门峡水库。
O3、中国横跨地球的亚寒带、温带、暖温带、亚热带、热带五个气候带。
O4、中国矿产资源的重要特征是:品种多,储量丰富,地区分布不平衡。
X5、中国人口最多的少数民族是回族。
O6、中国人口最少的少数民族是珞巴族。
X7、那达慕大会是壮族的传统节日。
X8、中国的少数民族政策就是尊重少数民族的风俗习惯。
O9、中国的政党政治实行的是共产党领导下的多党合作制。
O10、政治协商制度的作用主要表现在:政治协商、民主监督。
X11、中国的经济体制改革首先是从14个沿海城市开始的。
O12、儒家创始人孔子的思想集中反映在{论语)一书中。
X13、荀子继承孔子“仁”的思想提出了“仁政说”。
X14、“性恶论”是法家代表人物韩非子提出来的。
O15、“无为而治,顺其自然”是老子的思想观点。
X16、“有教无类”“因材施教”“温故知新”是朱熹的主张。
X17、“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”是秦始皇提出来的。
O18、“知己知彼,百战不殆”是孙子兵法的观点。
O19、董仲舒的“汉代经学”把儒家学说发展到了一个新的阶段。
X20、中国的“六大古都”一般是指:北京、西安、广州、苏州、桂林、杭州。

四、问答题(共25分)
l、中国地形突出特点是什么?气候的主要特征是什么?(4分)
答:东高西低呈阶梯状,复杂多样
2、中国有多少省、直辖市、少数民族自治区、特别行政区?写出少数民族自治区的名称。 (3分)
答:34个,西藏藏族、新疆维吾尔族、宁夏回族、内蒙古族、广西壮族
3、当今中国大陆共有多少个民主党派?请例举出其中三个政党的名称。(2分)
答:8个,民建、民革、民盟、九三、农工、致公、台盟
4、目前中国的国家主席、人大常委会委员长、国务院总理、政协主席分别是谁?(2分)
答:胡锦涛、吴邦国、温家宝、贾庆林
5、中国计划生育政策基本内容是什么?(2分)
答:晚婚晚育,少生优生,提倡一对夫妇只生一个孩子。
6、新中国的婚姻法规定的基本原则是什么?(2分)
答:婚姻自由,男女平等。
7、2003年中国影响最大的科技成就是什么?(2分)
答:“神州五号”载人宇宙飞船发射成功。
8、中国主要有哪四大菜系?(2分)
答:山东菜、川菜、浙菜、粤菜
9、中华人民共和国在哪一年获得了联合国的合法席位?(2分)
答:1971年
10、中国政府解决台湾问题的基本方针是什么?(2分)
答:一国两制,和平统一。
11、中国外交政策的根本原则是什么?(2分)
答:独立自主的和平外交政策。
历 史 试 题
(说明:本试卷满分100分,时间120分钟。所有答案都要写在答题纸上,否则不予记分。)



一、单项选择(每题1分,共20分)
1、清朝嘉庆至光绪之间的几个皇帝的年号,按顺序为
A.道光、咸丰、同治 B.咸丰、道光、同治
C.咸丰、同治、道光 D.道光、同治、咸丰

2、中国最早建立县制是在
A.春秋 B.战国 C.秦朝 D.汉朝

3、8世纪中期,控制东自黑龙江、西到阿尔泰山广大地区的民族是
A.鲜卑 B.匈奴 C.突厥 D.回纥

4、下列各项发生的先后顺序是
①那拉氏勾结奕欣发动政变 ②李鸿章在上海设立制炮局
⑧洪仁开总理太平天国政事 ④洪秀全病逝于天京
A.⑧①②④ B.②①③④ C.①②④⑧ D.⑧④②①

5、被称为近代中国了解西方的第一部著作是
A.《瀛环志略》 B.《四州志》 C.《海国图志》 D.《康輏纪行》

6、最早改变以经学为主的教学内容的学堂是
A.京师同文馆 B.万木草堂
C.时务学堂 D.京师大学堂

7、下列条约中有破坏中国关税自主权规定的是
①《南京条约》②《北京条约》③《中法新约》④《马关条约》
A.①③④ B.①②③
C.①②④ D.①②⑧④

8、科举制度废止于
A.1898年 B.1905年 C.1912年 D.1915年

9、陶行知教育理论主要体现在
A.主张教学做合一 B.提倡乡村教育
C.创办平民学校 D.提倡爱国主义

10、建国以来中国基础教育发展到一个新阶段的标志是:
A.收回被帝国主义侵占的部分教育主权
B.提出德、智、体全面发展的教育方针
C.邓小平提出教育三个面向的思想
D.《中华人民共和国义务教育法》颁布

1l、建造吉萨(Giza)三大金字塔的是
A.第3王朝的国王 B.第4王朝的国王 C.斯尼弗鲁 D.乌纳斯

12、古代世界第一个地跨欧、亚、非的大帝王是
A.新巴比伦王国 B.波斯帝国 C.马其顿王国 D.罗马帝国

13、伯利克里统治时期,雅典的十将军由
A.公民大会选举 B.全体居民选举 C.首席将军任命 D.执政官指定

14、伊斯兰一词的含义是:
A.唯一的真理 B.安拉的使者说的话
C.服从神的意愿 D.审判的日子即将来到

15、下列各项中,不属于日本“大化改新”内容的是
A.允许贵族建立庄园 B.变部民为国家“公民”
C.禁止农民买卖国家分配的土地 D.实行行政制度改革

16、下列四国中,由玻利瓦尔领导取得独立的是
A.委内瑞拉 B.智利 C.巴西 D.阿根廷

17、在20世纪的军事史上,曾经有过多次空袭战,其中第一次大规模空袭战且发动空袭的一方遭到失败的是发生在“二战”中的
A.苏德战场 B.西欧战场
C.北非战场 D.亚太战场

18、凡尔赛—华盛顿体系中的“四国条约”主要不利于
A.日本的扩张 B.英国的扩张 C.德国的扩张 D.美国的扩张

19、第三次科技革命初期,苏联领先于美国的新兴科学技术成就是
A.原子弹 B.人造地球卫星 C.电子计算机 D.激光器

20、下列事件中,联合国发挥过重要影响的有
①朝鲜战争 ②印巴分治 ③纽伦堡审判 ④巴勒斯坦地区分治
A.①②⑧ B.①⑧④ C.①④ D.②④



二、填空(每题1分,共20分)
1、中国古代从中央到地方建立一整套学校体制始于 朝;

2、中国古代中央政权最早对西北的行政统治机构叫 。最终确立对新疆的统治是在 皇帝在位时期。

3、“总理衙门”设立于 年初,全称是 ,主管外交、通商及其它洋务事宜。 为第一任办事大臣。

4、洋务运动的成果之一是新式学堂的兴起。新式学堂中,成立最早的是 年创立的 。

5、1912年, 将 改组为国民党,并通过国会选举成为第一大党。1913年,他于 遇刺身亡,一般认为幕后指使者是 。

6、1917年, 就任北大校长,提出“ ”的方针,既聘任新文化的倡导者,如在《新青年》上发表《文学改良刍议》,提倡白话文的 ,又聘请传统文化的坚持者,如自幼留学英国,但依旧留着长辫子的 。

7、1937年9月,抗日民族统一战线正式建立。此后,国民党主要负责 战场的抗战; 共产党则广泛开展独立自主的 ,建立 。

8、新中国建立之初,为巩固政权,首要任务是解放全国,此外还进行了 、 、 ,被称作建国初期的“三大运动”。

9、“文革”的导火线是姚文元对北京市副市长 写的《 》的批判,把学术批评转成政治斗争。1966年夏,在毛泽东的两个文件影响下,“文革”全面发动。

10、新中国外交史上,和平共处五项原则是由 在1953年接见 时首先提出的:
1955年在 举行的万隆会议上,他又提出“ ”的方针。

11、古埃及祭司 撰写的《埃及史》,把埃及历史分为 个王朝。

12、目前所知世界上最早的成文法典是 ,最为古老的史诗是 。

13、古代印度的四个种姓分别是 、 、 、 。

14、希波战争从公元前 年持续到公元前 年。古希腊历史学家 所著的《历史》用大量篇幅叙述了这次战争。

15、阿拉伯人 所著的 长期被欧洲医学界奉为权威。

16、1776年,英国的 发表《国富论》一书,主张实行 、 、 ,成
为。自由资本主义”的经典理论。

17、第一次世界大战前,欧洲的两大军事集团是德、奥、意结成的三国同盟和 、 、
结成的三国协约。而一战的导火线,就发生在被称作“欧洲的火药桶”的 地区。

18、1947年,英国公布了“ ”,把印度分为印度教徒的印度和穆斯林的巴基斯坦两个自治领。英国分别向两者移交政权。同年,印巴分别独立。1948年,根据联合国大会关于巴勒斯坦地区分治的决议, 人国家以色列建立,但决议设想的 人国家却长期没有建立。

19、亚洲“四小龙”是指: 、 、 、 。

20、欧洲联盟的前身是60年代中期建立的 。1991年,该组织的12个成员国在荷兰举行首脑会议并通过 ,决定在12国范围内实现 联盟和 联盟,即建立“欧洲联盟”。



三、名词解释(每题5分,共30分)
1、《左传》

2、庆历新政

3、辛酉政变

4、埃赫那吞

5、1861年改革

6、国际联盟



四、论述(每题10分,共30分)
l、论述西安事变的原因、过程和意义。

2、试述西欧启蒙运动及其意义。

3、“二战”后至今,是当代资本主义大发展的时期。其发展演变大体经历了三个阶段:战后初期至70年代初期,70年代初期至80年代后期,80年代末以来。试从经济发展速度和经济格局演变两方面说明当代资本主义在这三个阶段的发展状况。





一、单项选择(每题1分,共20分)
l、A 2、B 3、D 4、A 5、A 6、A 7、A 8、B 9、C 10、D
11、B 12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A 16、A 17、B 18、A 19、B 20、C

二、填空(每题1分,共20分)
1、唐
2、西域都护,乾隆
3、1861,总理各国事务衙门,奕忻
4、1862,京师同文馆
5、宋教仁,同盟会;上海,袁世凯
6、蔡元培,兼容并包,胡适,辜鸿铭
7、正面,游击战争,抗日根据地
8、抗美援朝,土地改革,镇压反革命
9、吴晗,海瑞罢官
10、周恩来,印度代表团,印度尼西亚,求同存异
11、曼尼托,31
12、乌尔纳姆法典,吉尔伽美什史诗。
13、婆罗门、刹帝利、 吠舍、首陀罗
14、500,449,希罗多德
15、阿维森纳,《医典》
16、亚当•斯密, 自由经营, 自由竞争,自由贸易
17、英,法,俄,巴尔干
18、蒙巴顿方案/印度独立法案,犹太,阿拉伯
19、香港,台湾,新加坡,韩国
20、欧共体,《马斯特里赫特条约》经济货币,政治

三、名词解释(每题5分,共30分)
1、《左传》
解释鲁国编年史《春秋》的编年史著作,据说作者是春秋时期鲁国史官左丘明。它不是在经义上而是在史实上记述历史,所记史实始于鲁隐公元年(公元前722年),终于鲁悼公14年(公元前454)。是研究先秦特别是春秋时期历史的重要资料。

2、庆历新政
宋仁宗在位中期的一次政治改革,始于1043年,终于1044年。因其时年号为庆历,故名。主要领导者为范仲淹,改革内容主要是:整顿官员考核制度,严格按政绩升迁,限制恩荫,加强地方责任制,等等。改革因触犯既得利益者而很快失败。

3、辛酉政变
1861年11月,幼帝载淳的生母慈禧太后联合恭亲王奕欣发动政变,将咸丰任命的总摄朝政的载垣等八位大臣捕杀或治罪,慈禧亲自“垂帘听政”,取得最高统治权。因该年为农历辛酉年,故名。

4、埃赫那吞
即阿蒙霍特普四世,古埃及第18王朝法老。在位期间推行埃及历史上第一次宗教改革,主要内容是:废除多神崇拜,以太阳神阿吞为唯一的神;改名为埃赫那吞(意为“阿吞的光辉”),将都城从底比斯迁到埃及中部的阿玛尔纳;提拔“涅木虎”为国王大臣,等等。埃赫那吞去世后,改革宣告失败。

5、1861年改革
沙皇亚历山大二世实行的改革,废除农奴制,农奴获得人身自由,摆脱封建生产关系的束缚。改革是俄国历史的重要转折点,俄国从此走上迅速发展资本主义的道路。但是改革并不彻底,保留了大量农奴制残余。

6、国际联盟
成立于1920年,是世界上第一个政治性国际组织,国联盟约宣布其宗旨是促进国际合作,保证国际和平与安全。它的出现反映了20世纪世界整体化的趋势,同时又是凡尔赛一华盛顿体系的组成部分,被少数战胜国所操纵,成为维护帝国主义战后新秩序的工具。


四、论述(每题10分,共30分)
1、论述西安事变的原因、过程和意义。
原因:
九一八事变后,张学良为首的东北军有强烈的抗日要求,杨虎城为首的西北军与蒋介石有深刻的矛盾:
1935年,两军奉命在陕甘进攻红军,屡造失败,主张停止内战,要求抗日,遭到蒋介石的严词拒绝。
过程:
1936年12月12日清晨,张、杨下令在蒋的行辕华清池扣留蒋介石,同时在西安城内逮捕了蒋的军政要员十余人,随即通电全国,提出改组南京政府,停止一切内战等八项抗日救国主张:
中共中央确定了和平解决西安事变的方针,并派出周恩来等组成的代表团去西安参加谈判:12月24日,蒋介石被迫接受停止内战、联共抗日等条件:
12月25日,张学良送蒋返南京,西安事变和平解决。
意义:
西安事变的和平解决,为国共两党再次合作,团结抗日,建立抗日民族统一战线奠定了必要的基础。

2、试述西欧启蒙运动及其意义。
启蒙运动是继文艺复兴之后的第二次思想解放运动,是在资产阶级反封建反专制制度的时代要求下,在17、18世界自然科学发展的基础上产生的。其中,笛卡尔、培根和牛顿3位科学家的思想和方法最具影响。
启蒙学说大体从17世纪开始,在处于资本主义发展前列的尼德兰和英国表现最为活跃,主要代表人物有格劳秀斯、斯宾诺莎、密尔顿、霍布斯和洛克。他们的理论集中在理性、人的自然权利、自然法和社会契约几个方面。
18世纪在法国出现一批卓越的启蒙思想家,如伏尔泰、孟德斯坞、卢梭等,他们的理论包括两大方面:哲学唯物主义和理性政治学说。在哲学方面,提出自然神论或无神论:在政治学说方面,推崇人的自然权利,实行法治,反对专制特权,并对未来社会的政体提出种种设想。
意义:
有力地冲击了封建专制制度及其精神支柱天主教会:
为资产阶级革命提供了思想上、理论上的准备。

3、“二战”后至今,是当代资本主义大发展的时期。其发展演变大体经历了三个阶段:战后初期至70年代初期,70年代初期至80年代后期,80年代末以来。
试从经济发展速度和经济格局演变两方面说明当代资本主义在这三个阶段的发展状况。
二战后,美国成为资本主义世界的经济霸主,形成美国独霸、欧日依附的经济格局。(2分)
经战后恢复,从50年代起,主要资本主义国家经济进入相对稳定和高速发展时期:联邦德国和日本经济发展尤为迅速。 (3分)
70年代初布雷顿林体系崩溃,美国经济霸主地位动摇,开始形成美欧日三足鼎立的经济格局。 (3分)随着战后经济危机的爆发,70年代中后期资本主义国家经济发展缓慢,出现“滞胀”现象。 (2分)
80年代末以来,西欧、日本经济发展加快,加速了世界经济格局的多极化,出现了世界经济区域集团化和全球一体化的趋势。(3分)主要资本主义国家经济出现新发展,运用高新技术的经济领域发展最快。(2分)
北京大学2004年留学生入考试英语试题

一.语音知识(每小题1分,共4分)
1. A. publish B. full C. luck D. umbrella
2. A. wonder B. son C. cloth D. none
3. A. yet B. year C. young D. boy
4. A. example B. exactly C. exercise D. exist
5. A. healthy B. clothe C. this D. smooth


二.词汇和语法知识(每小题1分,共32分)
6. It is time to take against the terrible air pollution.
A. act B. acting C. action D. actor

7. Could you arrange for the party in the new hall?
A. to hold B. to be held C. holding D. being held

8. It was such a lecture that all the students were deeply impressed.
A. lively B. lovely C. alive D. live

9. You _ tell your parents about it.
A. not had better B. had not better C. had better not D. had better not to

10. The children watched the plane until it was out of .
A. sign B. sight C. view D. vision

11. This folk song beautiful.
A. listens B. hears C. appears D. sounds

12. Success in hard work.
A. lies B. lays C. lams D. bids

13. The conunander sent ____ that he would come and inspect the army.
A. words B. a word C. word D. the words

14. I couldn't start my car: something must have _____ with it.
A. come B. gone C. got D. become

15. ____ about their attitude toward love on the campus, college students vary in their opinions.
A. If asking B. If to ask C. If asked D. If being asked

16. The teacher stared at the class without a word, _____ clearly shows his disapproval.
A. it B. which C. that D. what

17. It's spring now. People have a lot of pictures in the park.
A. take B. taken C. taking D. to take

18. China has a bigger population than ______in the world.
A. any country B. any country's C. any other country D. any other country's

19. Right after the boy was born, the father decided to a musician of him
A. produce B. develop C. make D. do

20. The English teacher suggested that each student a copy of Oxford dictionary.
A. bought B. to buy C. buy D. buys

21. like ice-cream
A. All of children B. Every child C. All children D. Every children

22. The policeman found the car windows had been broken in a forest.
A. which B. whose C. that D. of that

23. The box is .
A. very heavy for me to carry it B. too heavy for me to carry it
C. too heavy for me to carry D. very heavy, I can't carry

24. Please don't forget the window when you leave the room.
A. to close B. close C. closed D. closing

25. He____an important question when he spoke.
A. raised B. rose C. arose D. aroused

26. This is the most horrible film I .
A. have once seen B. have ever seen C. had once seen D. had ever seen

27. I have got your paper but not .
A. his B. her C. their D. him

28. There are two seats left but I don't want to take ____ of them.
A. neither B. both C. either D. nolle

29. He decided to go on no matter how _____ the journey was.
A. hard B. hardly C. hardy D. hardened

30. My _____ sister is five years ______ than me. She is ______ of the three sisters.
A. older, older, oldest B. elder, elder, eldest
C. older, older, the oldest D. elder, older, the eldest

31. It's _____ that we decide to go on a picnic in the botanical garden.
A. such a fine weather B. so fine a weather
C. so fine weather D. such fine weather

32. All ______ we could see was sand.
A. that B. which C. what D. those

33. We had just gone to bed ______ we heard a big noise from outside.
A. since B. while C. before D. when

34. By the time I reach the widow, the tickets ______ , I guess.
A. will be sold out B. will have been sold out
C. had been sold out D. have been sold out

35. Obviously, your bike needs .
A. repaired B. being repaired C. repair D. repairing

36. Keep the room clean and tidy ____ you?
A. shall B. will C. can D. may

37. We all look forward to _____ the moon someday.
A. visit B. be visited C. visiting D. being visited

38. People conunmficate efficiently and economically ____ the Intemet.
A. according to B. in the way of C. by means of D. on the basis of

39. Due to the fog, the plane didn't _____ until late in the afternoon.
A. take away B. take off C. take up D. take over

40. When the movie star _____ , the audience shouted and jumped with joy.
A.turned out B. turned off C. turned over D. mined up


三、完型填空
从 A、 B、 C、 D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案(每小题1分,共10分)
Time is tricky. It is difficult to (41) ______ and easy to waste. When you look (42) , you think you have more time (43) _______ you need. For example, at the (44) of a semester, you nay feel that you have (45) ______ time on your hands. But toward the end of the term you may suddenly freed that time is (46) out. So you must become the master of time. (47) its servant. (48) a first-year college student, time management (49) your number one problem. (50) you seriously wish to get the most out of college, you must put your time under control.

41. A. use B. plan C. control D. hold
42. A. ahead B. back C. beyond D. around
43. A. than B. before C. when D. after
44. A. end B. middle C. back D. beginning
45. A. many more B. much more C. lot of D. plenty of
46. A. going B. miming C. getting D. using
47. A. nor B. neither C. not D. but
48. A. As B. For C. To D. Of
49. A. will be B. is C. is to be D. will to be
50. A. Because B. If C. While D. Although



四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共20分)
Passage 1
A child's world is fresh and new and beautiful, full of wonder and excitement, his our misforttme that for most of us that clear -eyed vision, that true instinct for what is beautiful and awe-inspiring, is dimmed and even lost before we reach adulthood(成年期). I hope each child in the world will keep a sense of wonder and make it last throughout life, as an unfailing protection against the boredom of later years.
If a child is to keep alive his inborn sense of wonder without any such gift from the fairies, he needs the companionship( 陪伴) of at least one adult(成年人) who can share it, rediscovering with him the joy, excitement and mystery of the world we live in. Parents often have a sense of inadequacy when facing on the one hand the eager, sensitive mind of a child and, on the other, a world of complex physical nature, confused by a life so various and unfamiliar that it seems hopeless to reduce it to order and knowledge. In a mood of self-defeat, they exclaim, "How can I possibly teach my child about nature-why, I don' t even [mow one bird from another?"
I sincerely believe that for the child, and for the parent seeking to guide him, it is not half so important to know as to feel. ff facts are the seeds(种子) that later produce knowledge and wisdom(智慧), then the emotions (情感) are the fertile soil (肥沃的土壤) in which the seeds must grow The years of early childhood are the time to prepare the soil. Once the emotions have been aroused-a sense of the beautiful, the excitement of the new and unknown, a feeling of sympathy, pity admiration or love-then we wish for knowledge about the object of our emotional response. Once found, it has lasting meaning. It is more. important to prepare the way for the child to want to Knox than to put him on a load of facts he is ready to understand.


51. The word "awe"(Para. 1, Line 3) can be best replaced by .
A) emotion C) wisdom
B) respect D) response

52. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is Not true'?
A) Adults often feel bored.
B) Children always see the world with fresh curious eyes.
C) Children are likely to keep their sense of wonder when they grow up because they get the gift from file good fair3
D) Adults are attracted by things that are artificial.

53. It can be learned from the second paragraph that .
A) parents can never teach their children about nature.
B) parents should learn from their children
C) parents often do not know much about nature themselves
D) parents should know one bird from another

54. What can be inferred from the author's comments on facts?
A) Facts are less important than the curiosity to know.
B) Facts are the most important things for children to learn.
C) Facts are meaningless for children.
D) Facts are so undeniable that tilex' should be recognized without prejudice.

55. The best title of this passage can be .
A) Child's World
B) Children and Adults
C) Facts and Feelings
D) Keeping Alive the Sense of Wonder


Passage 2
Faces, like fingerprints, are unique ( 独一无二的 ) Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people'? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features(特征) that make one face different from another. Yet aver)' young child ~ or even ma animal. such as a pigeon - can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted.
We also tell people apart by how they behave (举止) When we talk about someone's personality(人格,个性), we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.
Like the human face, human personality is very complex (复杂). But describing someone's personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person", you might begin to think about someone who was kind. considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.
There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon At port, an American psychologist (心理学家), found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types - people are described with such terms.
People have always tried to" type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain (坏人) or the hero's role. In fact. the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latm(拉丁文) persona, meaning "mask". Today. most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.


56. By using the example of finger prints, the author tells us that
A) people can learn to recognize faces
B) people have different personalities
C) people have difficulty in describing the features of finger prints
D) people differ from each other in facial features

57. According to this passage, some animals have the gift of
A) telling people apart by how they behave B) typing each other
C) telling good people from bad people D) recognizing human faces

58. Who most probably knows best how to describe people's personality?
A) the ancient Greek audience B) the movie actors
C) psychologists D) the modem TV audience

59. According to the passage, it is possible for us to tell one type of person from another because
A) people differ in their behavioral and physical characteristics
B) human fingerprints provide unique information
C) people's behavior can be easily described in words
D) human faces have complex features

60. Which of the following is the major point of the passage'?
A) Why it is necessary to identify people's personality?
B) Why it is possible to describe people?
C) How to get to know people'?
D) How best to recognize people'?



五.英汉互译 (每小题3分,共1 5分)
将下列中文句子翻译成英文,英文句子翻译成中文
1.自从他出生以来他一直住在北京。

2.虽然中国还是一个发展中国家,但她正变得越来越美丽,

3.他太小了,无法独立生活。

4. It seems to me a most regrettable firing that I did not go to see my grandmother when she became seriously ill.

5. Ifyou had come five minutes earlier, you would have caught the train.



六.作文(15分)(120—150字)
A Letter to a Friend about Your Life in China



答 案
前50题每小题1分
1—10 B C D C A, C B A C B
11—20 D A C B C, B B C C C
21—30 C B C A A, B A C A D
31—40 D A D B D, B C C B D
41—50 C A A D D, B C A A B

51—60题每题2分
51—60 B C C A D, B D D A B


五、英汉互译 (每小题3分,共15分)
将下列中文句子翻译成英文,英文句子翻译成中文
1. He has lived in Beijing since he was born.

2. Although China is a developing country, it is becoming more and more beautiful.

3. He is too young to live by himself.或 He is too young to live alone.

4.在我看来最后悔的一件事就是我祖母病重的时候我没能去看她。

6.要是你早来五分钟的话,你就赶上火车了。
语文(听力)试卷

一、 听力理解(30分)
(一)选择题(20分,每小题1分)
说明:1—20题,在这部分试题中,你将听到几段对话和讲话。在试卷上,你会看到若干个问题,每个问题都有A.B.C.D四个答案,请你边听边选出唯一正确的答案。每段对话都只念一遍,答案请写在答题纸上。

1—4
1.他们这会儿要去干什么?
A.自习 B.上课 C、上班 D.教书

2.她打工,一周大约要花多长时间?
A.一个小时 B.两个小时 C.三个小时 D.四个小时

3.他是她的什么人?
A.教授 B.学生 C、同学 D.男友

4.他们主要在谈什么?
A.当家教的事 B.怎么写报告 C.怎么安排时间 D.打工能挣多少钱

5—8
5.一本书最多能借多长时间?
A.一个月 B.两个月 C.三个月 D.四个月

6.如果想让图书馆提醒你还书的时间,你必须留下你的:
A.手机号 B.读者号 C、学生证号 D.宿舍地址

7.如果丢了一本1980年以前的中文书,应该怎么赔?
A.原书价格×5+20元 B.原书价格×10+20元
C、原书价格×15+20元 D.原书价格×20+20元

8.这个北大学生想到清华借书,他现在应该:
A.耐心等待 B.到系里开介绍信
C.在北大图书馆开介绍信 D.到清华图书馆办理借书证

9一12
9.第三次赛跑乌龟赢了,这是因为兔子:
A.太骄傲了 B.不会游泳 C.半路睡觉 D.跑错了路

10.第四次龟兔赛跑的结果是:
A.乌龟赢了 B.兔子赢了 C.龟兔都赢 D.打成平局

11.老师讲这些话的目的是:
A.给小朋友讲故事 B.讲解经济学原理
C.说明竞赛的规则 D.教育学生别骄傲

12.根据这段录音,下面哪句话是对的?
A.只赛一次分不出胜负 B.乌龟比兔子更有本事
C.市场经济是你死我活 D.对手也会是合作伙伴

13—16
13.按照说话人的观点,和学校比,社会更看中一个人的:
A.工作成果 B.智力水平 C.有无潜力 D.名校学历

14.说话人有些担心他的学生:
A.会失去远大的理想 B.得不到事业的成功
C.成为一些平凡的人 D.过不好普通的生活

15.说话人说这段话是在:
A.欢迎大会上 B.开学典礼上 C.毕业典礼上 D.学术讲座上

16.根据录音,下面哪句话是对的:
A.在学校主要靠天资 B.安分是一个贬义词
C.说你有潜力是赞扬 D.有雄心一定能成功

17—20
17.根据录音,今年春节的特点是很多市民:
A.享受大餐 B.出外旅游 C.选购年货 D.读书买书

18.根据录音,往年哪些图书卖得特别好?
A.童话类、外语类、科普类 B.小说类、外语类、电脑类
C.少儿类、电脑类、漫画类 D.小说类、少儿类、科普类

19.关于赵女士,我们能知道什么?
A.喜欢画漫画 B.爱看几米的书
C.今年三十四岁 D.有一个私营企业

20.根据录音, 目前很多成年人喜欢读什么样的书?
A.情节紧张的 B.轻松幼稚的
C.节奏很快的 D.竞争激烈的


(二)填空题(10分,每小题2分)
说明:21—25题,在这部分试题中,你将听到一段讲话。请先把整段讲话听一遍,然后听讲话中的五个句子。每个句子中有一个空儿,请你边听边把空儿中的词语写出来。听写时,只能用汉字,不能用拼音。答案请写在答题纸上。

21—25
21.在全体在校大学生中,( )的学生有心理障碍倾向。

22.女生的心理健康比男生( )。

23.在有心理问题的学生中,农村学生( )城市学生。

24.在心理健康方面,独生子女与非独生子女( )。

25.一批经过培训的学生心理委员( )在该校上岗。



语文答案
一、听力理解(30分)
(一)选择题(请填写ABCD。共20分,每小题1分)
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C
6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C
11.B 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.C
16.A 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.B

(二)填空题(请填写汉字。共10分,每小题2分)
21.( 30% )
22.( 差 )
23.( 多于 )
24.( 没有明显差异 )
25.( 即将 )





2004年北京大学留学生(本科)入学考试
语文试题

(注意:考试时间为150分钟;试卷满分为150分;答案和作文写在答题纸上)

考号 姓名 得分
一、听力(略)

二、汉语基础知识(15分,每题3分)
1.下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是( )
A.反省(xing) 省察(sheng) 省会(sheng) 节省(sheng)
B.忏悔(qian) 狭隘(ai) 星宿(xiu) 拮据(ju)
C.差异(cha) 差别(cha) 差错(cha) 参差(cha)
D.停泊(bo) 夙愿 (su) 造诣(yi) 随和(he)

2.下列成语中没有错别字的一项是( )
A.走头无路 别出心栽 口蜜腹简 各行其是
B.金榜提名 关怀倍至 世外桃源 唉声叹气
C.老当益状 韦编三绝 直截了当 装腔作势
D、心旷神怡 栩栩如生 语无伦次 自命不凡

3.依次填入下面横线处最恰当的一项是( )
①这家企业改革的任务, “减员”,更重要的是“增效”。
②预算即使制定得再 ,在执行过程中也难免发生变化。
⑧今年春节期间,山西某地发生了一起 的假酒案。
A.不止 正确 耸人听闻
B.不只 正确 耸人听闻
C.不只 准确 骇人听闻
D.不上 准确 骇人听闻

4.下列句子中没有语病的一句是( )
A.在这篇文章里,热情地歌颂了新风尚。
B.春天的北京是美丽的季节。
C.经过老师的耐心教育,大家端正了学习态度和方法。
D.有没有健康的身体,是能否做好工作的前提。

5.下列文学常识表述错误的一项是( )
A.中国第一部诗歌总集是《诗经》。
B.李白和杜甫都是唐代伟大的浪漫主义诗人。
C.《红楼梦》是中国古代小说 中的杰出代表。
D.《阿Q正传》是鲁迅先生创作的影响最大的小说。


三、填空、默写(15分)
1.“学而时习之,不亦说乎?”出自《 》。(2分)

2.“春眠不觉晓, 。 , 。”(3分)

3.“海内存知己, 。”(2分)

4.“亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也:亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。”这是 写的 《 》 中的名言。(2分)

5.“大江东去,浪淘尽千古风流人物。”这是 写的《 》中的名句。 (2分)

6.“劝君更尽一杯酒, 。”(2分)

7.“史家之绝唱,无韵之离骚”,这句话是评价《 》这部书的。(2分)


四、阅读(30分)
阅读下面的作品,然后回答问题。
散 步 莫怀戚
我们在田野散步:我,我的母亲,我的妻子和儿子。
母亲本不愿出来的。她老了,身体不好,走远一点就觉得累。我说,正因为如此,才应该多走走。母亲信服地点点头,便去拿外套。她现在很听我的话,就像我小时侯很听她的话一样。
天气很好。今年的春天来得太迟,太迟了,有一些老人挺不住。但是春天总算来了。我的母亲又熬过了一个严冬。
这南方初春的田野,大块小块的新绿随意地铺着,有的浓,有的淡:树上的嫩芽也密了;田里的冬水也咕咕地起着水泡。这一切都使人想着一样东西——生命。
我和母亲走在前面,我的妻子和儿子走在后面。小家伙突然叫起来:“前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子。”我们都笑了。
后来发生了分歧:母亲要走大路,大路平顺;我的儿子要走小路,小路有意思。不过,一切都取决于我。我的母亲老了,她早已习惯听从她强壮的儿子;我的儿子还小,他还习惯听从他高大的父亲:妻子呢,在外面,她总是听我的。一霎时我感到了责任的重大。我想一个两全的办法,找不出:我想拆散一家人,分成两路,各得其所,终不愿意。我决定委屈儿子,因为我伴同他的时日还长。我说:“走大路。”
但是母亲摸摸孙儿的小脑瓜,变了主意:“还是走小路吧。”她的眼睛随小路望去:那里有金色的菜花,两行整齐的桑树,尽头一口水波粼粼的鱼塘。“我走不过去的地方,你就背着我。”母亲对我说。
这样,我们在阳光下,向着那菜花、桑树和鱼塘走去。到了一处,我蹲下来,背起了母亲,妻子也蹲下来,背起了儿子。我的母亲虽然高大,然而很瘦,自然不算重;儿子虽然胖,毕竟幼小,自然也轻。但我和妻子都是慢慢地,稳稳地,走得很仔细,好像我背上的同她背上的加起来,就是整个世界。


1. 本文的记叙顺序是:( )(2分)
A.倒叙; B.顺叙

2.文中有一段插叙,它是:( )(2分)
A.母亲本不愿出来的。她老了,身体不好,走远一点就觉得累。我说,正因为如此,才应该多走走。母亲信服地点点头,便去拿外套。她现在很听我的话,就像我小时侯很听她的话一样。
B.这南方初春的田野,大块小块的新绿随意地铺着,有的浓,有的淡:树上的嫩芽也密了;田里的冬水也咕咕地起着水泡。这一切都使人想着一样东西——生命。

3.从全文情节发展看,故事情节从下面哪一句话开始发生了转折? ( )(2分)
A.“这南方初春的田野”
B.“我和母亲走在前面”
C.“后来发生了分歧”

4.文中写道“一切都取决于我”,这是因为:(6分)


5.“我决定委屈儿子”,原因是① (3分)
② (3分)

6.“母亲”后来改变了主意,说:“还是走小路吧。”“母亲”为什么改变了主意?
答: (2分)

7.“但我和妻子都是慢慢地,稳稳地,走得很仔细,好像我背上的同她背上的加起来,就是整个世界。”这里的“整个世界”是什么意思?
答: (4分)

8.下面说法正确的两项是( )(6分)
A、这是一篇记叙文,文中的人物有“我”、“母亲”、“妻子”、“儿子”。
B.本文的主要内容是写一家人在春天到来时外出散步,主要表达了对春天的热爱之情。
C.“妻子”在文中没有说话,因为她对“我决定委屈儿子”的做法不满意。
D.“前面也是妈妈和儿子,后面也是妈妈和儿子。”这句话表现了“儿子”聪明可爱。
E.“但是春天总算来了。我的母亲又熬过了一个严冬。”读这两句话时,重音应该放在“春天”和“严冬”上。


五、写作(60分)
(一)如果你考取了北京大学,在开学后的第一节课上,老师要求每位新生向全班同学作自
我介绍。请你把自我介绍的内容写出来,不超过150字。(10分)

(二)作文(50分) 请以“感动”作为题目,写一篇记叙文。600-800字。


答案 (共150分)
一、听力(略)(30分)

二、基础知识(15分)
1 2 3 4 5
D D C D B


三、填空、默写(15分)
1.论语 2.处处闻啼鸟。夜来风雨声,花落知多少。
3.天涯若比邻 4.诸葛亮 《出师表》(或《前出师表》)
5.苏轼 《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》 6.西出阳关无故人
7.《史记》

四、(30分)
1,(B) 2.(A) 3.(C)
4.①母亲早已习惯听从强壮的儿子:②儿子习惯听从高大的父亲:③妻子在外面总是听我的。
5.①我伴同儿子的时日还长: ②我伴同母亲的时日短。
6.母亲疼爱孙子,不想让孙子受委屈。
7.它们夫妻所承担的家庭责任:照顾孩子,孝敬老人。
8.A、D

一、作文(60分)
答案:略
历史试题
(说明:本试卷满分100分,时间120分种。所有答案都要写在答题纸上,否则不予记分。)



一、单项选择题(每题1分,共30分)
1.以下少数民族首领。与唐太宗生活在同一时代的是 ( )
A.松赞干布 B.骨力裴罗 C尺带珠丹 D.皮罗阁

2.“十二气历”出现于中国的 ( )
A.战国 B.唐朝 C宋朝 D.元朝

3.今西藏和台湾在元朝时,分别由什么机构管辖 ( )
(1)理藩院 (2)宜政院 (3)澎湖巡检司 (4)台湾府
A.(1)(3) B.(2)(3) C.(1)(4) D.(2)(4)

4.白银在明代成为普遍流通的货币,其主要原因是 ( )
A.白银开采量的增加 B.一条鞭法的实行
C商品经济的发展 D.白银本身的价值

5.下列清政府维护国家统一和领土完整的重大事件的先后顺序是 ( )
(1)平定噶尔丹叛乱 (2)设置驻藏在臣
(3)设置台湾府 (4)签署(尼布楚条约)
A.(1)(3)(2)(4) B.(1)(2)(3)(4)
C.(3)(4)(1)(2) D.(3)(2)(1)(4)

6.下列关于“地丁银”的解释,最准确的是 ( )
A.取消人头税,只征土地税 B.田赋和丁税均征收白银
C、把丁税平均摊人田赋中,征收统一赋税 D.按人口和土地的多少统一征收白银

7.下列封建王朝中,被北方少数民族灭亡的是 ( )
A.西晋 东晋 B.西晋 北宋 C.北宋 隋 D.东晋 隋

8.下面是中国古代史上的重要事件,按时间先后排列,哪一种是正确的: ( )
(1)王安石变法 (2)北魏孝文帝改革 (3)安史之乱(4)陈桥兵变
A.(1)(3)(2)(4) B.(2)(3)(1)(4) C.(2)(3)(4)(1) D.(4)(3)(2)(1)

9.下列中国古代医学家生活年代的先后顺序是 ( )
(1)华陀 (2)孙思邈 (3)李时珍 (4)扁鹊
A.(1)(2)(3)(4) B.(4)(1)(2)(3) C.(4)(3)(1)(2) D.(3)(1)(2)(4)

10.下面是中国古代史上一些著名文化人物,把他们为分四类,哪种分类是正确的 ( )
(1)甘 德 (2)张择端 (3)徐光启 (4)僧一行
(5)贾思勰 (6)顾炎武 (7)吴道子 (8)王夫之
A.(1)(4); (2)(7); (3)(5); (6)(8)
B.(1)(4); (2)(8); (3)(5); (6)(7)
C.(1)(3); (2)(8); (4)(5); (6)(7)
D.(1)(2); (4)(8;) (3)(5); (6)(7)

11.《天津条约》签订的同一年,中国又被沙俄割走了 ( )
A.外兴安岭以南,黑龙江以北60多平方公里
B.乌苏里江以东包括库页岛在内约40万平方公里
C.巴尔喀什湖以东以南44万平方公里
D.中国西北部7万多平方公里

12.马关条约开放的通商口岸是 ( )
A.天津 南京 九江 汉口
B.苏州 杭州 九江 汉口
C.苏州 杭州 重庆 沙市
D.重庆 沙市 厦门 宁波

13.下列关于鸦片战争导致中国社会发生变化的表述,不妥当的是 ( )
A.清政府被迫完全放弃“闭关”政策
B.中国开始成为不能完全独立自主的国家
C.中国丝茶生产的商品化程度提高
D.英国棉纺织品进入中国市场,但未能大量倾销

14.中英《南京条约》所规定开放的通商口岸分布于 ( )
A.长江流域下游地区 B.长江和珠江下游地区
C.广东福建沿海地区 D.长江以南的沿海地区

15.下列哪个事件的发动者不是蒋介石 ( )
A.“七•一五”反革命政变 B.“四•一二”反革命政变
C.中山舰事件 D.皖南事变

16.在下列中国西部交通建设成就中,不属于第一个五年计划时期的是 ( )
A.青藏公路 B.康藏公路 C.新藏公路 D.兰新铁路

17.新中国成立后,第一个王年计划的重工业建设项目,主要集中在 ( )
A.东北地区 B.华北地区 C.华东地区 D.西南地区

18.人民群众抗议江青反革命集团的事件是: ( )
(1)所谓的“二月逆流” (2)“九•一三”事件后的批极左思潮
(3)“四五”运动 (4)所谓的“一月革命”
A.(1)(2)(3) B.(2)(3)(4) C.(1)(3) D.(3)

19.中国共产党第十四次全国代表大会提出的经济体制改革的目标是 ( )
A.建立社会主义市场经济体制,进一步解放和发展生产力
B.逐步扩大企业自主权,加强国营大中型企业的市场竞争能力
C.巩固和完善农村家庭联产承包责任制,大力发展乡镇企业
D.以公有制为主体多种所有制经济成分长期共同发展

20.建国后,中国共产党和政府处理民族关系最重要的制度是 ( )
A.实行民族区域自治 B.在少数民族地区进行民主改革
C.帮助少数民族发展地方工业 D.注意发展少数民族的民族文化

21.在15世纪时,开辟新航的航家不包括 ( )
A.麦哲伦 B.迪亚土 C.达.迦马 D.哥伦布

22.处死路易十六的事件发生在 ( )
A.热月政变之后 B.雾月政变之后 C.吉论特派统治时期 D.雅各宾派专政时期

23.在欧州发生1848年革命的同时,亚洲地区正在进行着的是 ( )
A.爪哇人民起义 B.阿富汗人民反英起义
C.中国太平天国运动 D.伊朗巴布教徒起义

24.19世纪70年代,中巴尔干半岛,摆脱了土耳其统治的新的民族独立国家 ( )
A.波斯尼亚 B.黑塞哥维那 C.阿尔巴尼亚 D.塞尔维亚

25.下列评述不符合20世纪30年代国际政局特点的是 ( )
A.全世界面临法西斯侵略的威胁
B.欧亚两个战争策源地形成
C.世界反法西斯统一战线形成
D.社会主义基本制度的苏联确立

26.以下历史献中,对世界反法西斯同盟建立具有促进作用的是 ( )
A.《波茨担公告》 B.《大西洋宪章》
C.《北大西洋公约》 D.《开罗宣言》

27.下列历史事件不是发生在1941年的是
A.《大西关宪事》发表 B.苏德战争爆发
C.《联合国家宣育》发表 D.太平洋战争爆发

28.决定建立联合国的国际会议是
A.开罗会议 B.德黑兰会议 巴雅尔塔会议 D.波茨担会议

29.导致20世纪50年代资本主义世界经济迅速发展的原因有 ( )
(1)马歇尔计划 (2)第三次科技革命
(3)国家垄断资本主义 (4)世界经济的区域集团化
A.(1)(3)(4) B.(2)(3) C.(1)(2)(3) D.(1)(2)(3)(4)

30.第三次科技革命促进社会经济结构的变化,突出表现在 ( )
A.第三产业的比重上升 B.国家垄断资本主义普遍发展
C.实行高技术发战略 D.新兴工业迅速兴起


二、填空题(每题1分,共30分)
1. 是中国最早的诗歌总集,绝大部分是从 到 时期的诗歌。

2.公元前 世纪,商王盘庚迁都到殷。公元 年,北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳。

3.台湾在三国时被称为 ;在隋朝时被称为 ;元朝时被称为 。

4.《史记》记述了从 到 时期历史;《资治通鉴》记述了从 到 时期的历史。

5.唐朝时候,日本曾 次派“遣唐使”来中国,其中 在中国留学长达40年;唐朝高僧 东渡日本,传播唐朝文化:唐太宗时,僧人 到天竺研究佛经。

6. 改女真为满洲, 年,改国号 为清,建立清朝。

7.中国对世界通行公历一年周期的确定完成 朝:首次测出子午线的长度在于 朝;把圆周率数值准确地计算小数点以后七位数字是在 朝。

8.明朝时,中国出现了三总总结性的科学著作,即:李时珍的《 》, 的《农政全书》,宋应星的《 》。

9.秦朝的长城西起 ,东到 ;明朝的长城东起 ,西到 。

10.清朝中央政府对西藏的管辖有所加强。 帝赐予五世达赖“达赖喇嘛”的封号:康熙帝赐予五世班禅:班禅额尔德尼”的封号: 年, ,帝设驻藏大臣,代表中央政府与达赖、班禅共同管理西藏。

11. 年,安徽督军张勋以调解 、 的争执为由、率兵进京,和康有为等拥立清废帝 复辟帝制,12天后,被段祺瑞驱逐。

12.在中国新民主义革命时期,日本帝国主义两次发动侵略中国上海的事变,即“ 事变”和“ 事变”。

13. 年4月, 在南京建立国民政府: 年3月,在日本帝国主义支持下, 在南京成立伪国民政府。

14. 被誉为中国“近代史学之父”;新中国成立后,在史学研究方面取得的主要成绩有范文澜的《 》,郭沫若的(中国史稿), 的《中国史纲要》等。宪法的作用,会议还决定改 为北京,作为新中国的首都,以《 》为代国歌。

16.1'950年开始的三大运动是 运动、 运动、 运动。

17. 年,中国每一颗原子弹式试验爆炸成功: 年,实现了原油及石油产品的全部自给。

18.1967年初,上海出现了所谓的“ ”:2月 等副总理,叶剑英等 元帅,对“文化大革命:的错误做法提出了尖锐的批评,被江青一伙诬蔑为“ ”。

19.为“四五”运动平反的是 年召开的 :提出社会主义初级阶段理论的是 年召开的中国共产党第 次代表大会。

20. 原则的提出,标志着中国外交政策的成熟,在1955年的 会议上, 中国提出了“ ”的方针,得到了亚非国家的支持。

21.英国资产阶级革命推翻了 王朝的统治;法国资产阶级革命推翻了 王朝的统治:1917年俄国的二月革命推翻了统治俄国300多年的 王朝。

22.英国的《权利法案》在 年通过:美国的《独立宣言》发表于 年7月4日;法国的《人仅宣言》产生于 年。

23.1792年9月20日,法国人民打败普鲁士军队进攻,取得了 大捷,9月21日,法兰西第一共和国成立;1840年,法国在 会战中失败,9月4日,巴黎人民冲进王宫,宣布废除帝制,成立共和国,史称法兰西第 共和国。

24.1825年 国爆发了第一次资本主义经济危机, 年发生了第一次世界性的危机, 它首先出现在 国;1929年至 年的经济危机空前严重。

25.1921年,英国承认 南部自治; 年,英国通过 法案,被迫承认加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和南非等自治领在内政外交上都独立自主。

26. 年,苏联成立时加盟和共和国有俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、 、乌克兰
年,苏联解体。

27. 年 会议与会九国代表签订(关于中国事件应适用各原则及政策之条 约),又称“九国公约”打破了 度独霸中国的局面。

28.1935年,希特勒撕毁 和约,实行普遍义务兵役制: 年,德军开进 ,欧洲战争策源地形成。

29.二战爆发后,英法对德宣战后,坐视波兰的灭亡而按兵不动,人称“奇怪战争”,这是英法 政策的结果,目的是怂勇 国进一步进攻 。

30.1942年8月到1943年 月的 战役是苏德战争的转折点;1942年6月4日到6日的 战役是太平洋战场的转折点:1944年6月6日,盟军在法国的 登陆。从西欧向德国展开了大规模的攻势。



三、名词解释(每题5分,共20分)
1.两税法

2.“公车上书”

3.《解放黑人奴隶的宣言》

4.敦刻尔克大扩撤退



四、问答(每题10分,共20分)
1.简述中英《南京条约》的内容及危害。

2.分析并说明19世纪中期资本主义世界体系是怎样形成的?并就这一时期资本主义的发展对亚洲地区社会发展的影响,谈谈你对资本主义的世界体系作用的认识。
北京大学2003年留学生入学考试英语试题

一、语音知识
找出每组单词划线部分与其他读音不同的一个,每小题1分,共5分
1、 A. Lead B. Mean C. League D. Head
2、 A.Mouth B. There C. Thus D. Those
3、 A. Foot B. Food C. Cook D. Look
4、 A.Due B. Use C. Rule D.Tube
5、 A. Nation B. Station C. Moderation D. Question


二、词汇和语法知识(每小题1分,共35分)
6、 He was frightened when he first saw a dog.
A. fearless B. happy C. afraid D. brave

7、 Cloud you do me a favour ,Please ,and change this skirt for me?
A. agree with me B. support
C. be kind to me D. help me

8、 No one can prevent us from doing this experiment.
A. stop us (from) doing B. keep us doing
C. make us to do D. persuade us to do

9、 She looked at the boy awkwardly as near the door as he could be.
A. to stand B. standing C. stands D. stand

10、You may stay at home and take care of your sister.
A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up

11、There are a lot of books on
A. the bookshelfs B. the book' s shelf
C. the bookshelves D. the books' shelves

12、She goes to in her spare time.
A. the workers' college B. the worker' s college
C. the worker college D. the college of workers

13、She can speak English better than else.
A. the one B. no one C. anyone D. another

14、Sorry I can' t solve your problems. I know English.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

15、He came from
A. a European country B. an European country
C. the Europe country D. an Europe country

16、This is one of interesting books on your subject.
A. the most B. the most of C. most D. most of the

17、He was
A . fifty B. the fifty C. the fiftieth D. fiftieth

18、He is boy in his class.
A. the cleverest B. the cleverer C. cleverer D. more clever

19、I only have half video tapes now as you had last year.
A. as much B. more C. as many D. so many

20、 Which do you think is , coffee, tea or lemonade?
A. the best B. better C. best D. the better

21、Today English is a subject of school education.
A. optional B. terrible C. necessary D. attached

22、 She brought the boy to the table the corner of the room and she made him sit.
A. in B. at C. on D. to

23、 had Oswald reached school when the bell rang.
A. No sooner B. Although C. Rarely D. Hardly

24、There was plenty of time, you
A. mustn' t have hurried B. couldn' t have hurried
C. mustn' t hurry D. needn' t have hurried

25、Watch you step! You be more careful.
A. may B. should C. had to D. would

26、Brown is learning Chinese. his sister.
A. So does B. Neither is C. Nor does D. So is

27、Tom Japanese since he was eleven years old.
A. learned B. is learning
C. has been learning D. was learning

28、The banquet was the most expensive one they
A. have had B. would have
C. had never had D. had ever had

29、There a book and two dictionaries on the table.
A. is B. are C. to be D. were

30、 something is one thing; it is another.
A. To say ...... to do B. Say ...... to do
C. To say ...... do D. Say ...... do

31、She knew he her several times.
A. surprised B. would surprised
C. had surprised D. surprises

32、His Classmate was determined out his plan.
A. carrying B. to carry
C. to have carried D. carried

33、The ship had of crew.
A. a great deal B. a little
C. plenty D. much

34、The following day, the sea became rough that the boat almost turned over.
A. very B. much
C.so D. too

35、He is not able to concentrate this subject.
A. in B. at
C. on D. for

36、Our team every match so far this year, but we still have three more games to play.
A. was winning B. has won
C. has won D. wins

37、Now he a book about New Guinea, I don' t suppose he will finish it.
A. writes B. wrote
C. has written D. is writing

38、Would you be to show me the way to the City Hall7
A. good enough B. good enough as
C.so good D.as good as

39、I suggest again.
A. us try B. us trying
C. we try D. us to try

40、 If you fail,don't lose heart, just
A. don't stop to try B. continue your tries
C. not give up trying D. keep on trying



三、完形填空
从每小题所给出的四个答案中选出最佳的一个,每小题1分,共15分
About a month ago,I was present at a solemn occasion--the reading of a will(遗嘱). I can remember one passage that particularly struck me. It ran something (41)this.
"And I direct that $ 50 be (42)to old William B, (43)I have wished to help for many years. (44)always put off doing so."
It (45)the Voice of Opportunity Lost speaking from Beyond (临终遗言). But the story does not (46)there. When the lawyers came to .(47)out the law- bequest(动产遗赠), they discovered (48)old William B had (49) ,too,and so the good deed was lost.
I felt rather (50)about that. It seemed to me a most regrettable (51)that William should not have had his $ 50 just (52) somebody kept. putting (53) giving it to him. And from ( 54 ) accounts,William could have done with the (55)
41、A. about B. like C. for D. of
42、A. consumed B. cost C. paid D. devoted
43、A. that B .who C. whom D. which
44、A. and B. or C. yet D. but
45、A. was B.were C.is D.has been
46、A. remain B. end C. finish D. appear
47、A. find B. point C. put D. carry
48、A. which B. an C. that D. how
49、A. died B. gone C. escaped D. hidden
50、A. happy B. sorry C. faithful D. exciting
51、A. matters B. story C. prejudice D. thing
52、A. because B. for C. as though D. till
53、A. in B. into C. off D. on
54、A. every B. some C. any D. all
55、A. gift B. money C. regrets D. expense



四、阅读理解(每小题1.5分,共15分)
Passage I
In the earliest stages of man's development he had no more need of money than animals. He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himseff and his family from natural materials around him. As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more axnfort~le and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighborhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters who were springing up everywhere . It was then that the question of payment arose.
At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange . The Smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough. But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready.
Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degrees to the invention of money. In some countries, easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and the farmer, instead of paying the Smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the Smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know it had arrived.

56、 In very early times
A. children did not need money.
B. men did not need money at all.
C. men needed animals more than they needed money.
D. men needed money more than animals did.

57、As men became more civilized they
A. all learnt to make what they wanted themselves.
B. had to travel a lot to look for what they wanted.
C. got things from other people who knew how to make them better.
D. found everything more expensive.

58、The simple process of exchange
A. only made things more complicated.
B. was not at all satisfactory.
C. could not easily fix exchange value.
D. provided everyone with everything he needed

59、 Before people used metal coins they used
A. shells or seeds because they could be easily handled.
B. camels even though they were large.
C. flat stone even though they were large.
D. all of the above.

60、Money was not used until
A. an urgent need for it was left.
B. a simple process of exchange came to be practiced.
C. nothing could be offered in exchange.
D. the exchange of one thing another because I~oo complicated.



Passage Ⅱ
After two decades of growing student enrollments and economic prosperity, business schools in the United States have started to face harder times. Only Harvard' s MBA School showed a substantial increase in enrollment in the 1993 school year. Both Princeton and Stanford have seen decreases in their enrollments. Since 1990, the number of people receiving Masters in Business Administration (MBA) degrees, has dropped abouz 3 percent to 75,000, and the trend of lower enrollment rates is expected to continue.
There two factors causing this decrease in students seeking an MBA degree. The first one is that many graduates of four- year colleges are finding that an MBA degrees is not a guarantee fort a plush(漂亮)job on Wall Street, or in other financial districts of major American cities.
Many of the entry - level management jobs are going to students graduating with Master of Arts degrees in English and the humanities as well as those holding MBA degrees. Students have asked the questions,"Is an MBA degree really what l need to be best prepared for getting a good job?”The second major factor has been the cutting of American 'payrolls and the lower number of entry-level jobs being offered. Business needs are changing, and MBA schools are struggling to meet the new demands.

61、What is the main focus of the passage?
A. Jobs on Wall Street.
B. Types of graduate degrees.
C. Change in enrollment for MBA schools.
D. How schools are changing to reflect the economy.

62、Which of the following descriptions most likely applies to Wall Street?
A. A shopping district.
B. A neighborhood in New York.
C. A major financial center.
D. A center for international affairs.

63、Which of the following university's business schools has not shown a decrease in enrollment?
A. Stanford B. Yale C. Princeton D. Harvard

64、 According to the passage,what are two cause of declining business school enrollment?
A. Fewer MBA schools and fewer entry - level jobs.
B. Declining population and economic prosperity.
C. Lack of necessary for an MBA and an economic recession(衰退).
D. Low salary and foreign competition.

65、Which of the following might be the topic of the next paragraph?
A. Future economic predictions.
B. A history of the recent economic changes.
C. Descriptions of non- MBA graduate programs.
D. MBA schools' efforts to change.



五、英汉互译
将下列中文句子翻译成英文,英文句子翻译成中文,每小题3分,共15分
66、他的汽车比我的贵。
67、虽然我在北京只呆了几天,但是我已经交了很多朋友。
68、在过去的十年中,他掌握了英语和德语。
69、Fifty years after his invention,a German company discovered that aspirin(阿斯匹林) was a painkiller and has since made millions selling it.
70、But if, for some reason, people- ever lost faith in paper money, ten dollars wouldn't be worth the paper it's printed on.



六、作文(15分)(120—150字)
Suppose you are writing a diary on Christmas Day, and tell us how you spend that day.
2003年北京大学留学生本科入学考试
语文试题(总分150分)


一、汉语知识及运用(44分)
(一)选择题(20分,每小题4分)
1、下列加点字的注音正确的一项是( )
A.差别(chà)
B.着落(zháo)
C.救济(jì)
D.字帖(tiē)

2、选出下列加点字注音错误最多的一项( )
A.诏书(zhào) 反省(shěng) 削弱(xiāo) 造诣(zhī)
B.玷污(zhàn) 蹒跚(pán) 夙愿(sù) 点缀(zhuì)
C.笨拙(zhuō) 炽热(chì) 赛颤(chàn) 校对(jiào)
D.星宿(xiù) 拮据(jū) 脂肪(zhī) 提防(tí)

3、下列词语中没有错别字的一组是( )
A.见义思迁 心旷神怡 再接再励 美轮美奂
B.言简意赅 趋之若鹜 病入膏盲 开卷有益
C。神采奕奕 如火如茶 怨天尤人 脍炙人口
D.谈笑风生 栩栩如生 走投无路 各行其是

4、下列全是反义词的一组是( )
A.进步——前进 革命——反动 寒冷——冰冷
B.激动——感动 快速——迅速 创新——守旧
C.幽默——严肃 强壮——强大 勇猛——勇敢
D.勤奋——懒惰 热情——冷谈 坚强——脆弱

5、填写到下列各句空格中最恰当的一组词是( )
①北京大学是一所 的高等学校。
②在这样的艰难环境中,他真是 日如年。
③这里的设备非常 。
④李大伯对孩子们关怀 至。
A.著名 渡 简陋 倍
B.出名 度 简单 备
C.著名 度 简陋 备
D.出名 渡 简单 倍


(二)句子理解(12分,每题4分)
6、下面的句子没有歧义的一句是( )
A.王明上课去了。
B.他的笑话说不完。
C.一个月以前,他就去世了。
D.这个人好说话。

7、下面的句子没有语病的一项是( )
A.他读小学时,就很爱学习。
B.经过这次讲课,对大家的启发很大。
C.乌黑的浓云和瓢泼大雨从空中倾泻下来。
D.我们说话或写文章,不要用陈词滥调是毫无意义的。

8、句式变换不能改变原句的基本意思。下面句式变换得恰当的一项是( )
A.主动句变被动句:
我们占领了敌人的阵地。——我们被占领了敌人的阵地。
B.肯定句变否定句:
这个问题好解决。——这个问题不难解决。
C.陈述句变疑问句:
雷锋精神感动了每一个人。——雷锋精神让每一个人感动!
D.否定句变肯定句:
你要想学好汉语,非下苦功不可。——请你一定要下苦功学习汉语,好吗?
(三)文学常识(共12分,每题3分)

9、下列作品与作者对应正确的一项是( )
A.《诗经》——屈原 《桃花源记》——陶渊明
B.《琵琶行》——李白 《长恨歌》——白居易
C.《窦娥冤》——关汉卿 《西游记》——王实甫
D.《屈原》——郭沫若 《呐喊》——鲁迅

10、对“唐宋八大家”表述正确的一项是( )
A.韩 愈、李 白、杜 甫、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏 洵、苏 轼、苏 辙
B.韩 愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏 洵、苏 轼、苏 辙、陆 游、王安石
C.韩 愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏 洵、苏 轼、苏 辙、王安石、曾 巩
D.韩 愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏 洵、苏 轼、苏 辙、辛弃疾、曾 巩

11、指出下列名句的作者
①“路曼曼其修远兮,吾将上而求索”( )
A.孔子 B.庄子 C.屈原 D.陶渊明
②“朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨”( )
A.孟子 B.司马迁 C.左丘明 D.杜甫
③“学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆”( )
A.孔子 B.孟子 C.庄子 D.左丘明

12、下列全是先秦历史散文的一组是( )
A.《孟子》 《论语》 《左传》
B.《左传》 《国语》 《战国策》
C.《左传》 《战国策》 《史记》
D.《战国策》 《国语》 《汉书》


二、现代文阅读(46分)
第二次考试
作者:何 为
声乐家苏林教授发现了一件奇怪的事情:在这次参加考试的200多名考生中,有一个20多岁的女生陈伊玲,初试成绩优异,声乐、试唱、练耳和乐理都列人优等,复式却使人大失所望,前后判若两人。苏林教授桃李满天下,但这样年轻又有才华的考生还是第一次遇到,这样奇怪的事情也是每一次遇到。
究意是什么原因呢?
苏林教授从秘书那里取来了陈伊玲的报名表,在填着地址的那一栏上,他用红铅笔画了一道粗线。他端详着表上姑娘的照片,那是一张朝气蓬勃、叫人喜欢的脸,小而好看的嘴,明快单纯的眼睛,笑起来鼻翼稍稍皱起的鼻子。这一切都在像是提醒这位声乐专家,不能用简单的方式对待一个考生,至少眼前这位姑娘的某些情况,在这张表上是看不到的。如果这一次落选了,也许这个人终生和音乐无缘,她的天才可能从此被埋没——那他是绝对不能原谅自己的。
第二天早晨,苏林教授乘第一班电车,按照报名表上填的地址,好容易找到了在杨树浦的那条偏僻的马路。他进了弄堂,不由得吃了一惊。
那弄堂里有些墙垣已经倾塌,烧焦的梁柱呈现一片可怕的黑色,断瓦残垣中间时或露出焦黄的破布碎片,所有这样些说明了这条弄堂不仅受到台风破坏,而且显然发生过火灾。就在这瓦砾场上,有些人大清早就忙碌着清理东西苏林教授手持纸条,正不知从何处找起,忽然听见从对面的楼窗口传出一个孩子的声音:
“咪——咿——咿——咿——,吗——啊——啊——啊——”,仿佛歌唱家在练声似的。苏林教授不禁笑了:“这准是她的家?”他猜对了,那孩子就是陈伊玲的弟弟。
从孩子嘴里知道:他姐姐是个转业军人,从文工团回来的,到了上海被分配的工厂里担任行政工作。她是青年团员.又积极又热心,不管厂里的也好,里弄也好,有事找陈伊玲准没有错。两三天前,这里因台风袭击造成电线走火,烧毁了不少房子。陈伊玲协助里弄干部安置灾民,忙得整夜没睡,影响了嗓子。每二天刚好是她复试的日子,她说了声:“糟糕!”还是去参加考试了。
这就是全部经过。
“瞧,她还在那儿忙着哪!”孩子向窗外扬了扬手说,“我去叫她!”
“不用了。请转告你姐姐,通过第二次考试,她已经被录取了!”
苏林教授从不陈伊玲家里出来,走得很快。他心里想;这个女孩子完全有条件成为一个优秀的歌唱家。我几乎犯了一个错误!这天早晨,有什么使人感动的东西充溢在他的胸口,他想赶紧回去把陈伊玲的故事告诉每一个人。


回答下列问题:
13、作者在开头一段运用了( )的写作手法(4分)
A.环境描写 B.制造悬念 C.插叙 D.语言描写

14、下列加点的字在文中的意思解释正确的一项是( )(4分)
A.桃李满天上: 水果 B.端详: 眼睛朝下看
C.好容易: 好不容易 D.时或: 时时刻刻

15、模仿句子造句(10分)
例句:她是青年团员,又积极又热心,不管厂里也好,里弄也好,有事找陈伊玲准没有错。
注意:必须用上“她……,又……又……,不管……也好,……也好,……”这些关联词语。
造句:


16、文中“某些情况”指的是什么?下列回答最恰当的一项是( )(4分)
A.她的家庭情况。
B.她的思想品德。
C.她的文化素质。
D.她的业余爱好。

17、从全文看,苏林教授认为陈伊玲是怎样的青年?下列回答最恰当的一项是( )(4分)
A.是一个明快单纯的女青年。
B.是一个很有音乐的才华的女青年
C.是一个又积极又热心的女青年。
D.是一个德才兼备的女青年。

18、本文以“第二次考试”为题目,有什么深刻含义?(6分)
答:

19、“我几乎犯一个错误”中的“错误”指什么?(6分)
答:

20、你觉得苏林教授具什么样的品质?(8分)
答:


三、作文:(60分)

题目:我的北京的日子
要求:1.用汉字书写。可以用繁体字,个别不会写的字可用拼音代替。
2.书写要工整、清晰。
3.不少于600宇。
그냥 요강만 적어두었더니 아직 북대입시에 익숙하지 않은 분들은 입시 일정과 시기를 정확하게 이해하지 못하고 계속 질문해주시는 괴로운 사태가 벌어졌습니다. 그런건 미리 카페 사용자를 생각해서 정리해서 적어두었어야지! 라고 말씀하셔도 할말은 있습니다. "저 시험기간이라고요!! ㅠㅠ"


-북경대 입학시험 및 푸다오빠오밍
3월 7일~~~3월 10일 : 북경대 작원 유학생처
++혼동하시는 분들이 많이 있더군요. 입학시험접수와 푸다오접수는 같은 시기에 이루어집니다.

++입학시험 및 푸다오반에 접수하면 북경대기숙사에서 살 수 있습니까?
---> 안됩니다. 그냥 밖에서 집을 알아보셔야합니다. 몇 번이나 말씀드렸지만, 현재 본과에 재학중인 학생들도 기숙사에 방이 없어서 들어가지 못하면 몇 달을 기다리고 있습니다.

주의 사항~!
신청자격: 만30세 이하의 정규고등학교 졸업자
신청서류:
1. 북경대학 외국유학생 입학신청표;
---> 접수하는 곳에 가시면 배치되어 있습니다. 미리 들고 가실 필요는 없습니다.

2. 고등학교졸업장(당해 졸업생은 먼저 졸업예정증명서를 제출 할 수 있다);
---> 학교에 졸업예정증명서를 만들어 달라고 하면 알아서 만들어줍니다. 특별한 양식은 없으며 영문 혹은 중국어로 작성되어있어야하는 것은 당연한 거겠죠?!

3. 고등학교 3년간의 성적표;
---> 반드시 3년간의 성적이 모두 있어야합니다. 3년, 곧 6학기의 성적이 모두 있어야합니다. 입학시험에서는 특별히 성적이 우월을 따지지는 않습니다. 중국뿐만 아니라 세계 곳곳에서 날라오는 성적표들인데 그것을 같은 잣대로 평가한다는 것 자체가 어불성설입니다.

4. 여권복사본과 여권용 증명사진 1장.
---> 당연하다면 당연한 물품이겠죠?!

특히 주의하실것은!!
(2,3항은 중문 혹은 영문 원본을 제출하거나 공증을 거쳐 제출해야 한다.)
이상의 자료는 반환되지 않음.
---> 당연히 중국어 혹은 영어 원본이어야하건만, 한국에서 오신 분들중에서 한국어로 된 증명서는 안되냐고 하시는 분들이 있습니다. 이곳은 중국입니다. 다시 말해서 외국입니다.




-예과반 접수시기
3월 1일부터 3월 31일

저 같은 경우, 자존심하나로 먹고 사는지라, 예과반은 안중에도 안 두고 무식하게 입학시험준비만 하다가 한번 떨어졌습니다. 그랬더니 갈 곳이 마땅하지 않군요. 특히 군대문제때문에 현재 위치가 정확해야 하는 분들은 보험을 든다는 생각으로 예과반에 접수해두는 것도 나쁘지 않습니다. 입학시험을 볼 정도의 분들이라면 대부분이 문제 없이 예과반에 들어갈 수 있다고 생각됩니다. 물론 중국에서 고등학교를 나오신 분들은 원칙적으로는 예과반에 입학이 불가능합니다. 또한 저 개인적으로는 폼나게 신청 안하는 것도 좋은듯......(물론 뒤는 책임질 수 없습니다.--;;)





-푸다오반 일정
이번에 접수자체가 연기된 관계로 푸다오반도 연기되었습니다.
푸다오 반은 접수신청이 마감된 주부터 시험전주까지 매주 토요일에 시행합니다.
더 자세히 말하자면, 3월 12,13,19,20,26,27 과 4월 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24일에 푸다오반이 있을 것아라 생각됩니다. (변동 가능합니다. 예년의 경우와 비교하면 이렇게 될 가능성이 많다는 소리입니다.)

푸다오반 신청양식은 따로 없습니다. 그냥 입학시험접수하는 코스중에 푸다오반 신청을 자연스럽게 할 수 있습니다. 올해는 얼마가 될지는 모르겠지만 한 과목당 200원이라고 생각하시고, 1000원정도 준비해두시는 것이 좋습니다.

푸다오반은 매주 토요일 일요일에 시행합니다. 오전 오후로 나누어져 있으며, 각기 중국어,영어,수학,역사에 대한 푸다오를 시행합니다. 그리고 중국개괄은 작년과 마찬가지로 푸다오는 시행하지 않을 것이라 생각됩니다.





-시험일자
4월 30일과 5월 1일

준비물품 :
신분증(여권-거류증등 사진이 붙어있는 확실한 신분증명이 가능한 신분증)
펜이나 시계같은 뻔한 준비물품입니다. 따로 특별하게 필요한 물품은 없습니다.
당일 아침에 북경대 재학생들이 시험장 앞에서 커피를 비롯한 음료수 나누어줍니다.
(......본인은 아침에 일어나기 귀찮아서 가 본적이 없습니다...먼산~~)
(그래도 여기 주인장은 평소에는 활동 안하다가, 커피는 제대로 나누어주더군요^^::)



정확하게 날짜가 나오지는 않았습니다. 하지만 예년의 경우와 대조해 봤을 경우 이 날짜가 되야합니다. 하지만, 문제가 되는 것은 4월 30일과 5월 1일이면, 북대내부에서는 51연휴에 돌입하는 기간이건만 이 때 시험을 보겠다는 것은 조금 이상하군요. 그래서 일각에서는 더욱 연기되어서 51연휴가 끝나는 5월 14일,15일에 시험을 볼지도 모른다는 소리도 있습니다만, 어느것도 정확하지 않습니다. 정확한 정보가 전해지는대로 올리겠습니다만, 4월 30일로 생각하시고 공부하시는게 좋을 것 같습니다.(그냥 할일없이 북대입학시험판 주위를 방황하는 인간의 직감이라고 할까요? ---> 너 직감이 맞은 적이 없잖아-0-;;)




뱀다리 : 이 정도면 최소한 일정과 관련 사항에 대한 질문은 다 대답한 듯 생각은 하지만, 다년간의 경험상 이렇게 적어도 또 이해를 못 하시는 부분이 반드시 나오더군요. 으윽...저도 모릅니다!!! ㅠㅠ (공부하러 가장~~ 이젠 중요한 필수만이 남아있다. 승부!! -0-;;)
본 내용은 DDOKBARO.COM에 그 저작권이 있습니다. 상업적 이용을 제외한 어떠한 사용도 가능하며, 자료를 인터넷상에 이용하실 경우에는 "출처 표기"를 해주시기 바랍니다.




2002年北京语文试卷
一、汉语知识及运用(45分)
1.选择题(10分,每小题2分)
(1)下列各组词语中加点的字注音错误的一项是( )
A.反省 (sheng)
B.夙愿 (su)00
C.附和 (he)
D.诏书 (zhao)
(2)下列词语中没有错别字的一组是 ( )
A.走投无路 脱化
B.心旷神怡 卫戊
C.三番五次 接恰
D.割裂前茅 袒护
(3)下列每组词不是同义词的一组是 ( )
A.差cha 出差 差错
B.为wei 作为 行为
C.朝zhao 朝廷 朝气
D.宿su 宿舍 星宿
(4)下列每组词不是同义词的一组是 ( )
A.毁谤------------诽谤
B.鼓舞------------鼓励
C.俭朴------------奢侈
D.美丽------------漂亮
(5)为下面各句括号里选择一组正确的词语。 ( )
①吸烟( )健康。
②在教室里大声吵闹,( )别人学习。
③在雪过后的路上很滑,走路要小心,( )跌倒。
④( )未然。
A.妨害 妨碍 防备 防范
B.妨害 妨碍 防备 防患
C.防害 妨碍 妨备 妨患
D.防害 防碍 防备 防患
2、句子理解(12分,每题4分)
(1)对下面这个句子有两种不同的理解,请写出来。
开刀的是他父亲
① ②
(1)先指出下向句子的毛炳,然后修改。
通过认真学习,使大家的觉悟有了明显提高。
毛病是: 修改后的句子
(2)把下面的主动句变成被动句
主动句:轰隆隆的雪声把他们吓坏了。
变成被动句:
3、填空(23分)
(1) 填写出下面作品的作者(8分,每空2分)
《离骚》
《红楼梦》
《三国演义》
《西厢记》
(2) 指出下面作者的朝代(10分,每空2分)
陶渊明
李 白
白居易
韩 愈
(3)填写下面的名句,并指出作者的名字(5分,每题1分)
A.会当凌绝顶, 。作者
B.人有悲欢离合, ,此事古难全。作者
C.先天下之忧而忧 。作者
D.白发三千丈, 。作者
E.正是江南好风景, 。作者
二、现代文阅读(45分)
阅读下面的文章,然后回答问题
背 景
朱自清
我与父亲不相见已二年余了,我最不能忘记的是他的背景。那年冬天, 祖母死了,父亲的差使也交卸了,正是祸不单行的日子,我从北京到徐州,打算跟着父亲奔丧回家。到徐州见着父亲,看见满院狼藉的东西,.又想起祖母,不仅簌簌地留下眼泪。父亲说:“事已如此,不必难过,好在天无绝人之路!”
回家变卖典质,父亲还了亏空;又借钱办了丧事。这些日子,家中光景很是惨淡,一半为了丧事,一半为了父亲赋困。丧事完毕,父亲要到南京谋事,我也要回北京念书,我们便同行。
……
到了浦口车站,我们要分手了。我说道:“爸爸,你走吧。”他望车外看了看,说:“我买几个橘子去。你就在此地,不要走动。”我看月台的栅栏外有几个卖东西的等着顾客。走到那边月台,须穿过铁道,须跳下去又爬上去。父亲是一个胖子,走过去自然要费事些。我本来要去的,但他不肯,只好让他去,尚不大难。可是他穿过铁道,要爬上那边月台,就不容易了。他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾,显出努力也怕别人看 见。我再向外看时,他已抱了朱红的橘子望回走了。过铁道时,他先将橘子散放在地上,自己慢慢地爬下,再抱起橘子走。到这边时,我赶紧去搀他。他和我走到车上,将橘子一股脑放在我的皮大衣上。于是扑扑衣上的泥土,心里很轻松似的,过一会说:“我走了;到那边来信!”我望着他走出去。他走了几步,回过头看见我,说,“进去吧,里边没人。”等他的背影混入来来往往的人里,再也找不着了,我便进来坐下,我的眼泪又来了。
(朱自清,中国著名作家、学者,生前是清华大学中文系教授。原文较长,
又删节和改动)
1.说明下面词语的意思(选做其中3题,共9分)
例如:狼藉:乱七八糟。
A.祸不单行
B.赋闲
C.典质
D.蹒跚
2、仿照文中的句子造句,要运用关联词语。(选做其中2道。6分,每题3分)
例如:可是他穿过铁道,要爬上那边月台,就不容易了。
关联词语:可是……要……就……
造句:可是你总是喜欢在汽车上看书,要想视力好,那就困难了。
A.那年冬天,祖母死了,父亲的差使也交卸了,正是祸不单行的日子。
关联词语:....也……正是…。
造句:
B.我本来要去的,但他不肯,只好让他去。
关联词语:……本来……但……只好……
造句:
C.等他的背影混入来来往往的人里,再找不着了,我便进来坐下,我的眼泪又来了。
关联词语:……再……便……又……
造句:
3.回答下列问题(共30分)
例:父亲说:“事已如此,不必难过,好在天无绝人之路。”这句话表现了父亲什么样的心情?
答:父亲担心家庭的变故影响儿子的学业,所以用这句话宽慰了儿子。
A.“我买几个橘子去。你就在此地,不要走动。”这句话表现了父亲什么样的心情?(6分)
答:
B.“我走了;到那边来信!”这句话表现了父亲什么样的心情? (6分)
答:
C.父亲买橘子的情节很生动,作者是如何描写的? (18分)
答;
三、写作(60分)
注意:(1)全部用汉字书写,个别字不会写,可用汉语拼音代替。书写要工整。
(2)不少于600字
题目:我的心愿
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2001年语文试题
一、 汉语知识及运用(共45分)
二、 1.选择题(将选项的字母填入题后的[ ]中。共10分)
(1)下列各组词中字后所注的汉语拼音错误的一个是:(2分)
A. 同胞(bao)
B.玷(zhan)污
C.棘(ji)手
D.拓(ta)片
答[ ]
(2)下列词语中没有错字的一组是:(2分)
A.精减 部署
B.松驰 姿态
C.煅炼 悼念
D.度假 急躁
答[ ]
(3)下列各组成语中字后所注的汉语拼音正确的一个是:(2分)
A.草营(jian).人命
B.一念之差(cha)
C.削(xiao)足适履
D. 并行不悖(b6)
答[ ]
(4)下列成语中有错误的一组是:(2分)
A.金壁辉煌 脍灸人口
B.按部就班 中流砥柱
C.夸大其词 夸夸其谈
D.语无伦次 墨守成规
答[ ]
(5)下列句子中有用词或词法错误的两个句子是:(2分)
A.这种工作方法值得大家学习。
B.用针刺他,他也还是一动不动,没有任何反映。
C.天的北京是最美丽的季节。
D. 这是一篇讲述一个工人的未成年的女人误入歧途的短篇小说。
答[ ]
2.填空题(共12分)
(1)用汉语拼音给下面各组词里的“差”注上音(包括声母、韵母、声调)。(4分)
A.出差( )
B.差( )不多
C差( )别
D.参差( )
(2)用汉语拼音给下面各组成语里的黑体字注上音(包括声母、韵母、声调)。(4分)
A.居心叵( )测
B.靡( )靡之音
C.病入膏盲( )
D不卑不亢( ) (3)中国最著名的四部古典小说是;《红楼梦》、《西游记》、《 》和《 》。(2分)
(4)“*通过老师的帮助,使他的学习成绩提高了很多。”这个句子有语法错误。这个句子应改为( )。
(2分) 。
3.选择填空题(从题后所提供的几个答案中选择一个填空在横线上。(8分)
(1)这本小说构思( ),不落窠臼,值得一读。[新鲜 新颖 新奇](2分)
(2)你( )明天8点钟以前到达学校。[必须 必需 必定](2分)
(3)我等了他好半天他( )来。[就 才](2分)
(4)我一到北京就发现,北京的马路很直,( )很宽。[而且 况且(2分)
4.中国古诗文名句补缺(将下列中国诗文名句中缺的字补在括号里。9分)
(1)不识( )真面目,只( )身在此山中。(苏轼《题西林壁》)
(2)人生自古谁无死,流取( )照( )。(文天祥《过零丁洋》)
(3)山重水复( )无路,柳暗花明( )一村。(陆游《游西山村》)
(4)工欲( )其事,必先利其( )。(《论语•卫灵公》)
(5)莫( ),白了少年头,( )悲切。(岳飞《满江红》)
5.变换句试(按所提示的要求将原句改变为另一种句式。(6分)
(1)小王把我的书撕开了。
改为“被”字句,意思基本不变:( )
(2)我认为他好。
改为否定句意思正相反:( )
(3)他们懂得时间的宝贵。
改为双重否定句,意思基本不变:( )
(4)他准备明天去法国。
改为选择问句:( )
三、 现代文阅读(共45分)
阅读下面的文章,然后完成1—3题。
跨世纪我们该读什么书
<作者:季羡林*。有删节和改动)
现在什么都讲“跨世纪”。我体会,其意无非是想告诉人们,现在一个新的世纪已经来到眼前了。到了新世纪,人们都应该有点“万象更新”的意思,有点新精神,有点新活力,干点心事情,搞点心创作,使自己和人们,耳目都为之一新,不管男女老幼,都努力成为一个新人。
我们现在谈该读什么书,也应该着眼于此点,否则就毫无意义。既然讲新,就必先知道旧,新是与旧对比而言的。同21世纪的新相比,过去就都属于旧。专就读书来讲,过去是什么情况呢?
整个社会的情况我说不清。我只能说一说我比较了解的大学和科研机构的情况。我总的印象是,其量颇为可观的学者,知识面不够广,文理分家的现象还比较严重,对当前世界思想界和科技界最新的发展不够关心,如此等等。特别是理工科的学者普遍轻视文科。我只想指出一点:历史和现实情况都告诉我们,没有深厚的文化基础,科技的发展是有限度的。文理泾渭、楚河汉界的想法和做法已经陈旧了。现在国内外有识之土,已经逐渐感到这一点。世界学术发展的方向,即使还不能说是全方位的,但在某一些方面,渐渐消泯了文理的鸿沟,已经能够是你中有我,我中有你。在这种认识的指导下,许多崭新的学科出现了;过去没有时使用过的方法现在使用起来了。
人们眼前,豁然开朗。我们面对着真理又向前走近了一步。我在上面曾谈到过努力成为一个新人的问题,这就是成为新人的最重要的条件。
环顾全球,西方有一些学者已经意识到这个问题。最近几十年来兴起了几门新科学,虽然多以自然科学为出发点;但一旦流布,文科的一些学科也都参加进来。我举两个最著名的例子:一个是模糊学,一个是浑沌学。二者原来都属于自然科学的范围。现在以模糊数学为基础,或者说滥觞于模糊数学,接二连三地兴起了一批新的模糊学科,什么模糊逻辑,什么模糊心理,什么模糊语言,什么模糊美学,几乎什么学都模糊,模糊得一塌糊涂。然而仔细品味起来,其中又确有道理,决不是心口雌黄、哗众取宠。浑沌学也有类似的情况,这里不详细讨论了。
我认为,这就是世界学术发展的新动向、新潮流。现在我们考虑学术问题和与学术有关的诸问题,都必须以此点为大前提。如果同意这个观点,我们再谈读书问题,就算是有了共识,就算是有了共同的基础。
(*季羡林:著名语言学家、翻译家、教育家、北京大学东语系教授。)
1.说明下面词语的意思:(选做其中3题,共6分)
例如:鸿沟:古代运河,楚汉相争时两军对峙的分界。比喻明显的界限。
A.滥觞:
B.共识:
C耳目一新:
D.信口雌黄:
2.仿照文章中的句子,用给出的词语造句:(选做其中3题,共9分)
例如:“最近几十年来兴起了几门新科学,虽然多以自然科学为出发点;但一旦流布,文科的一些学科也都参加进来。”
词语:“虽然……,但(是)……”
造句:学习汉语虽然很难,但也充满乐趣。
A“如果同意这个观点,我们再谈读书问题,就算是有了共识,就算是有了共同的基础。”
关联词语:“如果……,就……,就……”
造句:
B.“专就读书来讲,过去和现在是什么情况呢?”
词语:“什么”(表疑问义)
造句:
C.“现在什么都讲‘跨世纪’。”
词语:“什么”(表周遍义)
造句;
n“接二连三地兴起了一批新的模糊学科,什么模糊逻辑,什么模糊心,……。”
词语:“什么”(表例举义)
造句:
3.根据文章内容回答下列问题:(共30分)
例如:作者认为“现在什么都讲‘跨世纪’”的意思是想告诉人们什么?
答:其意无非是想告诉人们,现在一个新的世纪已经来到了眼前了。到了心事情,搞点新创造,使自己和人们耳目都为之一新,不管男女老幼,都努力成为一个新人。
(1)文章中说“我们现在谈该读的书,也应该着眼于此点,否则就毫无意义”,其中的“此点”指的是什么?(5分)
答:
(2)文章中说“同21世纪的新相比,过去就属于旧”,作者是专门从哪两个方面来谈旧”的情况的? (5分)
答:
(3)文章中说“既然讲新,就必先知道旧,……”,作者指出的“旧”的问题主要是什么?(5分)
答:
(4)文章中提到“这就是成为新人的最重要的条件”,“这就是世界学术发展的新动向、新潮流”,请概括说明什么是成为新人的最重要条件,什么是世界阿学术发展的新动力和新潮流? (10分)
答:
(5)读完这篇文章,你认为作者告诉我们新世纪该读什么书呢? (5分)
答:
四、写作(共60分)
作文题目:世界变小了
一一信息(资讯)时代的地球
注意:(1)书写要求:全部用汉字书写,个别汉字一时写不出来,可以用汉语拼音代替:书写么清楚、工整,不要写错别字:要正确使用标点符号。
(2)字数要求:不少于600字。





2001年语文试卷(答案)
一、 汉语知识及运用(共45分):
1.选择题(将选项的字母填入题后的[ ]中。共10分)
(1)(B)
(2)(D)
(3)[A]
(4)[D]
(5)(B,D]
2.填空题(将选项的字母填入题后( )中。共12分)
(1)用汉语拼音给下面各组词里的“差”注上音(包括声母、韵母、声调)。(4分)
A.出差(chai)
B.差(cha)不多
C.差(cha)
D.参差(cenci)
(2)用汉语拼音给下面各组成语里的黑体注上音(包括声母、韵母、声调)。(4分)
A.居心叵(po)测
B.摩(mi)靡之音
C.病入膏盲(huang)
D.不卑不亢(k/rog)
(3)中国最著名的四部古典小说:《红楼梦》、《西游记》《水浒》和《三国演义》
(4)“*通过老师的帮助,使他的学习成绩提高了好多。”这个句子有语法错误。这个句子应该为(通过老师的帮助,他的学习成绩提高了很多。老师的帮助使他的学习成绩提高了很多。)。
3.选择填空题(从题后所提供的几个答案中选择一个填写再横线上。8分)
(1)新颖
(2)必须
(3)才
(4)而且
4.中国古诗文名句补缺(将下列中国诗文名句中缺的字补在括号里.9分)
(1)不识(庐山)真面目,只(缘)身在此山中。(苏轼《题西林壁》)
(2)人生自古谁无死,留取(丹心)照(汗青)。(文天祥《过零丁洋》
(3)山重水复(疑)无路,柳暗花明(又)一村。(陆游《游戏山村》)
(4)工欲(善)其事,必先利其(器)。(《论语•卫零公》)
(5)莫(等闲),白了少年头,(空)悲切。《岳飞《满江红》)
5.变化句式(按所提示的要求将原句改变为另一种句式。6分)
(1)我的书被小王撕开了。
(2)我不认为他好。
(3)他不会不懂得时间得宝贵。
(4)他还是你准备明天去法国?|他准备明天还是今天去法国?|他明天只能去法国还是英国?…
二、现代文阅读(共45分)
1.说明下面词语得意思:(选做其中3题,共6分)
A.滥殇:江河发源的地方,因为水少只能浮起酒杯。今指事物的起源。
B.共识:共同的认识。多指经过讨论和协商得的共同意见。
C. 耳目一新;听到的、看到的跟以前完全不同。 形容改变后的情况比以前好了许多。 听到的和看到的都换了样子,感到很新鲜。
D.信口雌黄;古人抄书、校书常用雌黄涂改。 比喻不顾事实,随口乱说。
2.仿照文章中的句子,用给出的词语造句;(选用其中3题,共9分)
A.如果我早知道考试这么难,就应该早下苦功,就应该多下苦功。|…。
B.你看过什么书呢?|….
C.什么(书)我也没有看过。|….
D.我可看过不少书,什么文学的,什么地理的,都看过。
……”
3.根据文章内容回答下列问题;(共30分)
A.“此点”脂“到了新世纪,人们都应该有点万象更新的意识,有点新精神,有点新活力,干点新事情,搞点新创新,使自己和人们耳目都为之一心,不管男女老幼,都努力成为一个新人。
B.作者一方面是“专就读书来讲”:另一方面是“只能说一说我比较了解的大学和科研机构的情况”。
C.主要问题是;(1.)很多学者知识面不够广: (2)文理分家的现象还比较严重: (3)对当前世界思想界和科技界最新的发展不够关心: (4)特别是理工科的学者普遍轻视文科,
D.文章中说“世界学术发展的方向,即使还不能说是全方位的,但在某一些方面,渐渐消泯了文理的鸿沟,已经是你中有我,我中有你。在这种认识的指导下,许多崭新的学科出现了,人们的眼界大大地开阔了。过去没有提过的问现在提出来了:过去没有使用过的方法现在使用起来了。人们眼前,豁然开朗。我们面对着真理又向前走进了一步”(要点;文理兼通,眼界开阔,思想活跃,方法多样,更接近真理)。这就是世界学术发展的新动力和新潮流,认识和做到这一点也就是成为新人最重要的条件
(以上意思大体上对即可)。
E.作者虽然没有具体说我们该读什么书,但文章最后说;“如果同意这个观点,我们再谈读书问题,就算是有了共识,就算是有了共同的基础”,这种共识就是:看书必须打好文化基础,必须文理兼同,必须眼界开阔,必须思想活跃(以上意思大体上对即可)
2000年语文试题
一、汉语知识及运用(共45分):
1.选择题(将选项的字母填入题后的[ ]中。共30分)
(1)下列各组成语中,汉字和注音全对的一组是:(3分)
A.面面相觑mian mian xiang qu 不屈不挠bu qu bu nao
B.汗牛充栋han niu chong dong 并驾齐躯bing jia qi qu
C.长驱真入chang qu zhi ru 并行不悖bing xing bu bo
D.夸大其词kua da qi ci 日薄西山ri bao xi shan
( )
(2)与“张经理送给外宾一套茶具”一句的句子格式最相近的一句是:(3分)
A.王会计住在顶楼一个房间。
B.李小姐吃了我妈妈一条鱼。
C.林老师借图书馆两本杂志。
D.赵科长来自四川一个山村。
( )
(3)下列各字是多音字。按照所给的读音组词,正确的一组是:(3分)
A.长chang: 长期 长相
B.降jiang: 降落 降服
C.重chong: 重叠 重新
D.结jie: 结婚 结实 [ ]
(4)能依次填入下列各句横线上的最恰当的一组词语是:(3分)
A.游说(shou) 懦(nuo)弱
B.冷(leng)落 闭塞(se)
C.谦虚(xu) 矗立(chu)
D.遇难(nan) 恬(tian)静
( )
(5)能依次填入下列各句横线上的最恰当的一组词语是:(3分)
a.我们要善于思考问题,明辨是非,决不被各种 人心的东西所

b.我省成人教学大学专科班报名日期到十月底 。
A.迷惑 盅惑截止
B.盅惑 迷惑 截止
C.困惑 盅惑 截至
D.盅惑 迷惑 截至
[ ]
(6)能依次填入下列一段话中个横线上的最恰当的一组虚词是:(3分)
要用其所长, 要容其所短, 要帮助他克服短处。
A.由于 因此 而且 B.假如 那么 而且
C.不但 还 而且 D.为了 不仅 而且
( )
(7)能依次填入下列各句横线上的最恰当的一组成语是:(3分)
a.那孩子被一伙暴徒打得 。
b.有了错误,应该勇于承认,决不能 。
c.这篇小说构思新颖, ,值得一读。
A.体无完肤 椎御责任 匠心独运
B.遍体鲜伤 文过饰非 独树一帜
C.皮开肉绽 文过饰非 匠心独运
D.体无完肤 推御责任 独树一帜
[ ]
(8)下列词语书写完全正确的”
A.若接若离 国泰民安B.名符其实 礼尚往来
C.川流不息 夸夸其谈 D.遗笑大方 大义凛然 ( )
(9)下列句子中没有语病、句意明确的一句是:(3分)
A.总经理要你3月23日前去汇报。
B.睡眠有三忌:一忌睡前不可恼怒:二忌睡前不可饱食:三忌睡眠时不可吹风
C.张教授的发言,对当前经济领域里的一些问题,从理论上和政策上作了详 细的规定和说明。
D.一个好的比喻,或行似,或神似,或形神兼似,总之离不开相似这一点。
[ ]
(10)下列各例中(a)、(b)两句意思明显不同的是:(3分)
A. (a)非经批准不能使用这笔钱。
(b)非得经过批准才能使用这笔钱。
B. (a)除非你亲自去请,她才会来。
(b)除非你亲自去请,她是不会来得。
C. (a)你说的那件事,我何尝愿意去做?
(b)你说的那件事,我何尝愿意去做?
D. (a)第一次做这种事,难免会出些差错。
(b)第一次做这种事,难免不会出些差错。
[ ]
2.填空题(将答案写在横线上。15分)
(1)用下面的字并按照给出的读音组词,每个字只需组一个词。(3分)
A.参(Can) 。
B.参(shen) 。
C.参(cen): 。
(2)解释下列成语的意义:(选做两小题,4分)
A.师出无名: 。
D.画蛇添足: 。
C.病入膏盲: 。
D.出类拔萃: 。
(3)补促下列中国涛文中的名句:(选做两小题,4分)
A.但愿人长久, 。(苏轼<<水调歌头>>)
B.莫等闲, 。空悲切。(岳飞{满江红9)
C.青山遮不住, •(辛弃疾(菩萨蛮))
D.两岸猿声啼不住, 。(李白《早发白帝城})
(4)变换句式,但句子意思基本不变。(选做两小题,4分)
A.听说弟弟打破一个玻璃杯。
改为“把”字句: 。
B.他上午把衣服都凉干了。
改为复句: 。
C.他们不会不知道时间的宝贵。
改为反问句:
D.从她经常打骂王毕看,她不像是王华的亲生母亲。
改为肯定句: 。
二、现代文阅读(共45分)
阅读下面的文章,然后完成1—3题
读书苦乐 杨 绛
读书钻研学问,当然得下苦功夫。为应付考试、为写论文、为求学位,大概都得苦读。陶渊明好读书。如果他生于当今之世,要去考大学,或考研究院,或考什么“托福,难免会有些困难吧?我只愁他政治经济学不能及格呢,这还不是因为他“不求甚解。”
文化大革命中我曾挨过几下“棍子”,说我读书“追求精神享受”。我当时只好低头认罪。我也承认自己确实不是苦读。不过,“乐在其中”并不等于追求享受。这话可以跟知心朋友讲,但不能跟外人说。
我觉得读书像是串门儿—“隐身”的串门/乙要参见钦佩的老师或拜谒有名的学者,不必事前打招呼求见,也不怕搅扰主人。翻开书面就闯进大门,翻开几页就升堂入室;而且可以经常去,随时去,如果不得要领,还可以不辞而别,或者另找高明,和他对质。不论我们要拜见的主.人住在国内国外,不论他属于现代古代,不论他什么专业,不论他讲正经大道理或聊天说笑,都可以挨近前去听个足够。我们可以恭恭敬敬旁听孔门弟子追求夫子遗言,也不妨淘气笑问“言必称‘亦曰仁义而已矣’的孟夫子”,他如果生在我们同一个时代,会不会是一位马列主义老先生呀?我们可以在苏格拉底临刑前守在他身边,听他和一位朋友谈话;也可以对斯多葛派伊匹克悌忒斯(Epictetus)的“金玉良言”思考怀疑。我们可以倾听前朝列代的遗闻遗事,也可以领教当代最奥妙的创新理论或有意惊人的故作高论。反正话不投机或言不入耳,不妨抽身退场,甚至砰一下推上大门——就是说,啪地合上书面——谁也不会嗔怪。这是书以外的世界里难得的自由!
每一本书——不论小说、戏剧、传记、游记、日记,以至散文诗词,都别有天地,别有日月星辰,而且还有生存其间的人物。我们也不必急匆匆地赶赴其地,花钱买门票去看些仿造的膺品或“栩栩如生”的替身,只要翻开一页书,走入真境,遇见真人,就可以亲亲切切地观赏一番。
说什么“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”!我们连脚底下地球的那一面部看得见,而且顷刻可到。尽管古人把书说成“浩如烟海”,书的世界却真正的“天涯若比邻”这话绝不是唯心的比拟。
世界再大也没有阻隔。佛说“三千大干世界”,可算大极了。书的境地呢,“现在界”还加上“过去界”,也带上“未来界”,实在是包罗万象,贯通三界。而我们却可以足不出户,在这里随意阅历,随时拜师求教。谁说读书人目光短浅,不通人情,不关心世事呢!这里可得到丰富的经历,可认识各时各地、多种多样的人。经常在书里“串门儿”,至少也可以脱去几分愚昧,多长几个心眼儿吧?我们看到道貌岸然、满口豪言状语的大人先生,不必气馁胆怯,因为他们本人家里尽管没开放门户,没让人闯入,他们的亲友家我们总到过,自会认识他们虚架子后面的真嘴脸……
可惜我们“串门”时“隐”而犹存的“身”,毕竟只是凡胎俗骨。我们没有如来佛的慧眼,把人世间几于年积累的智慧一览无余,只好时刻记住庄子“生也有涯而知也无涯”的名言,我们只是钻入书中世界,这边爬爬,那边停停,有的遇到值得敬佩的人,听到值得记取的话,或者对心中悬挂的问题偶有所得,使自己开了心窍,乐以忘言。不爬进书里,这个“乐”该不可能得到吧?
(杨绛,当代著名作家、学者、翻译家。文字略有删改。)
1.说明下面词语意思:(选做其中3题,共9分)
例如:不求甚解:只求懂得个大概,不求深刻了解。
A.拜谒:
B.赝品:
C.话不投机:
D.包罗万象:
2.仿造文章中的句子,用关联词语造句:(选做其中2题,共6分)
例如:尽管古人把书说成“浩如烟海”,书的世界确真正的“天涯若比邻”这话绝
不是唯心的比拟。
关联词语:“尽管……,却……”
造句:尽管冷战已经结束,世界却仍然不太平。
A.我们连脚底下地球的那一面都看得见,而且顷刻可到。
关联词语:“连……都,而且……”
造句:
B.翻开书面就闯进大门,翻过几页就升堂入室;而且可以经常去,随时去,如果不得要领,还可以不辞而别,或者另找高明,和他对质。
关联词语:“如果……,不论……,不论……,都……”
造句:
3.根据文章内容回答下列问题:(30分)
例如:作者认为为了那些目的的读书需要“苦读”?
答:除了钻研学问外,为应考试、为写论文、为求学位的读书,大概都得“苦读”
A.作者为什么说:“我们也不必急匆匆地赶赴某地,花钱买门票去看那些仿造的赝品或‘栩栩如生的替身,只要翻开一页书,走入真境,遇见真人,就可以亲亲切切地观赏一番”? (5分)
答:
B.文章倒数第二段有这样的话:“我们看到道貌岸然、满口豪言状语的大人先生,不必气馁胆怯,因为尽管他们本人家里没有开放门户,没让人闯入,他们的亲友家我们总到过,自会认识他们虚架
子后面的真嘴脸。”其中“道貌岸然、满口豪言状语的大人先生”和“他们的亲友”比喻什么,请用自己的语言写出这段话的本来意思。(10分)
答:
C.文章中最能概括说明作者观点的一段话是什么? (5分)
答:
D.作者为什么说读书之乐“并不等于追求享受”,这话又为什么“可以跟知心朋友讲,但不能跟外人说呢?”(10分)
答:
三、写作(60分)
作文题目:展望21世纪
注意:
(1) 书写要求:全部用汉字书写,个别汉字一时写不出来,可以用拼音代替:书写
要清楚、工整,不要写错别字:要正确使用标点符号。
(2) 字数要求:不少于600字
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1998年语文试卷
一、汉语知识及运用(共45分)
1.选择题(将选项的字母填入题后的[ ]中)
(1)下列词语中划线的字的注音有错误的一组是:(2分)
A.悼念diao 影影绰绰chuo B.堤坝di 提心吊胆ti
C.积淀dian 皮开肉绽zhan D.恫吓dong 别有洞天dong 答[ ]
(2)下列词语中划线的字的字形有错误的一组是:(2分) ,
A.具备 万事俱备 B.剧增 与日俱增
C.具体 俱体而微 D.面具 画画俱到 答[ ]
(3)下列多音多义字按照所标的读音组词正确的一组是:(2分)
A.校xiao:学校 校对 B.提ti: 提议 提防
C.行hang:行业银行 D.乐yue快乐 音乐 :答[ ]
(4)下列各两对词语中既有意义相近的词又有意义相反的词的一组是:(2分)
A.蛮横一粗野 美丽一漂亮 B.生硬一委婉 沉睡一苏醒
C.太平一安定 舒适一舒服 D.兴奋一激动 扩大一缩小 答[ ]
(5)下列各句中用给出的词语造句不正确的一句是:(3分)
A.召开:昨天晚上学校召开了隆重的欢迎会。
B.见面,在欢迎会上我们见面了老师和同学。
C.洋溢:欢迎会的会场上洋溢着欢快的气氛。
D.交谈:我们在会上和中国同学亲切地交谈。 答[ ]
(6)下列句子中的划线处依次填入的正确的词语是:(3分)
①.煤炭和石油都是现代化工业 的燃料和原料。
②.著名的指挥家 我们排练合唱节目。
③.会议筹备委员会在报纸上刊登了征稿的 。
A.必须/指导/启示 B.必需/指教/启示
C.必须/指教/启事 D.必需/指导/启事
答[ ]
(7)下面句子排列顺序最恰当的一组是:(3分)
①.但不好的书也会使人受到毒害 ②.能培养优良的品德和情操
③.因此读书必须有所选择 ④.书是人类智慧和知识的结晶
⑤.好书能给人知识
A.④⑤②①③ B④②③①⑤ C.⑤④②①③ D.⑤①③④② 答[ ]
(8)下面句子依次填入括号中的最恰当的一组关联词语是:(3分)
昨天先后下一场雷陈雨, 原以为可以凉快一些,( )( )没有凉快下来,( )更吏热了
A.可是/因为/所以 B.可是/不但/反而
C.不但/因此/而且 D。因此/不但/而且
答[ ]
(9)下列句子中没有语病的一句是:(3分)
A.我对学习汉语很有兴趣 B.学习汉语对我很有兴趣
C.学习汉语对我来说很有兴趣 D.学习汉语对我是很有兴趣的 答[ ]
(10)下列句子的语序调整后意思明显不同的一组是:(3分)
A.他又犯心脏病了/他心脏病又犯了 B.他沏了壶热热的茶/他热热地沏了壶茶
C.他都认识什么人/什么人他都认识 D.行人走便道顺道走行人 答( )
(11)如你请求别人做一件事,下列句子中语气最委婉的一句是:(3分)
A.把书拿过来! B.请你把书拿过来,好吗?
C.你能不能把书拿过来? D.请把书拿过来? 答[ ]
2.填空题(将答案填入题后的横线中)
(1)写出下面汉字的汉语拼音,并组成一个词语;(选做4小题,4分)
A.喘:拼音 词语 B.惴:拼音 词语
C.揣:拼音 词语 D.湍:拼音 词语
E.端;拼音 词语 F.瑞;拼音 词语
(2)解释下列成语的意义:(选做2小题,4分)
A.天灾人祸:
B.怨天尤人;
C.异想天开:
D.天逐人愿:
(3)写出下面中国古代名句的上半句或下半句(选做2小题,4分)
A.先天下之忧而忧, 。(范仲淹《岳阳楼记》)
B.欲穷千里目, 。(王之焕《登鹳雀楼》)
C.天涯若比邻。 (王勃《杜少府之任蜀州》)
D.千里共婵娟。 (苏轼《水调歌头,明月几时有,》)
(4)按要求变换下面的句式,并保持句义基本不变;(选做2小时,4分)
A.这种高尚的行为深深地感动了我们。
改为“被动句’: 。
B.我们认为他没有理由这样做。
改为“否定句”: 。
C.大家不得不放弃暑假去旅游的计划。
改为“肯定句”: 。
D.克服困难也是一种享受。
改为“反问句”: 。
一、现在又阅读(共40分)
阅读下面的文章,然后完成1—7题。
阅读文章:枣核(作者:萧乾” )
动身访美之前,一位1日时同窗写来封航空信,再三托付我为他带。几颗生枣核,东西倒不占分量,可是用途却很蹊跷,从费城出发前,我们就通了电话。一下车,他已经在站上等了。掐指一算,分手快有半个世纪了,现在都已是风烛残年。
拥抱之后,他就殷切地问我:“带来了吗?”我赶快从手提包里掏出那.几颗枣核。他托在掌心,像比珍珠玛瑙还贵重。
他当年那股调皮劲显然还没改。我问起枣核的用途,他一面往衣兜里揣,一面故弄玄虚地说:“等会儿你就明白了。”
那真是座美丽的山城,汽车开去,一路坡上坡下满是一片嫣红。倘若在中国,这里一定会有枫城之称。过了几个山坳,他朝枫树丛中一座三层小楼指了指说:“喏,到了”。汽车拐进草坪,离车库还有三四米,车库门就象认识主人似自动掀启。
朋友有点不好意思地解释说,买这座大房子时,孩子们还在上着学,如今都成家立业了,学生物化学的老伴儿在一家研究所里做营养试验。
他把我安顿在二楼临湖的一个房间后,就领我我去踏访他的后花园。地方不大,布置得却精致匀称。我们在靠篱笆的一张白色长凳上坐下,他劈头就问我:“觉不觉得这花园有点家乡味道?”经他指点,我留意到台阶两旁是他手栽的两株垂杨柳、草坪中央有个睡莲池。他感慨良深地对我说:“栽垂柳的时候,我那个小子才五岁,如今在核潜艇上当总机械长了。姑娘在哈佛教书,家庭和事业都如意,各种新式设备也都有了。可我心上总像是缺点什么。也许是没出息,怎么年纪越大,思乡越切。我现在可充分体会出游子的心境了。我想厂甸”,想隆福寺”。这里一过圣诞,我就想旧历年。近来,我老是想总布胡同院里那棵枣树。所以才托你带几颗种子,试种一下。
接着,他又指着花园一角堆起的一座假山石说:“你相信吗,那是我开车到几十里以外,一块块亲手挑选,论公斤买下,然后用汽车拉回来的。那是我们家的“北海”。
说到这里,我们两人都不约而同地站了起来,沿着草坪旁用卵石铺成的小径,走到“北海”跟前。真是个细心人呢,他在上面还嵌了一所泥制的小凉亭.一座红苗,顶上还有尊白塔。朋友解释说,都是从旧金山唐人街买来的。
他告诉我,时常在月夜,他同老伴儿并肩坐在这长凳上,追忆起当年在北海泛舟的日子。睡莲的清香迎风扑来,眼前彷佛就闪出一征荷塘佳色。改了国籍,不等于就改了民族感情;而且没有一个民族像我们这么依恋故土的。
(1)说明下列词语的意思:(每题2分。共10分)
A.同窗:
B.踏访:
C.风烛残年:
D.追忆:
(2)解释下面句子中划线的关联词语的意思,并用这个词语另造一个句子。(每题5分,共10分)
A“他一面往衣兜里揣,一面故弄玄虚地说:“等会儿你就明白了。”
关联词语:“一面……,一面……。”
释义:
造句:
B、“这里一过圣诞,我就想旧历年。”
关联词语:“一……,就……。”
释义:
造句:
(3)文中“汽车开去,一路坡上坡下满是一片嫣红”这句话暗含什么意思?(5分)



4)为什么这位美籍华人说“家庭和事业和都如意,各种新式设备也都有了,可我心上总像是缺点什么”?(5分)




(5)从文中可看出这位美籍华人家里有几个人,分别做什么工作?(5分)




(6)指出文章中哪些句子表明这位美籍华人对枣核特别重视。




(7)指出文中哪句话能概括文章的中心意思。(10分)


三、写作(共60分)
给你要报考的系的领导写一封信:
要求:
1、信的内容应包括:介绍你本人的学习和工作经历;具体说明你为什么要报考北京大学和学习某个专业;谈谈你今后到北大学习的打算;另外说明你写这封信希望得到什么帮助。
2、注意信件的文体和格式;正确使用标点符号;不要写错别字。
3、全文字数不少于600字。
1998年语文试题答案
一、汉语知识及运用
1.选择题
(1)A (2)C (3)C (4)D (5)B (6)D
(7)A (8)B (9)A (10)C (11)B
二,填空题
(1)A.chuan 喘息 B.zhui 惴惴不安 C.chuai/chuai/chuai 揣手/揣摩/挣揣
D.tuan 湍急 E.duan 端正 F.rui 瑞雪
(2)A.自然灾害和人为的祸害。
B.抱怨天,埋怨别人,形容对不如意的事情一味归咎于客观。
C.想法离奇,不切实际。
D.个人的愿望很有幸得以实现。
(3)A.后天下之乐而乐
B.更上一层楼
C.海内存知己
D.但愿人长久
(4)A.我们被这种高尚的行为深深地感动了。
B.我们不认为他有理由这样做。
C.大家放弃了暑假去旅游的计划。
D.克服困难不也是一种享受吗?/难道克服困难不也是一种享受吗?
二、现代文阅读
(1)A.同在一个学校学习的人。
B.踏看:访查。
C.比喻随时可以死亡的晚年。
D.追想回忆。
E.坐船游玩。
(2)A.释义:表示一个动作跟另一个动作同时进行。
造句:同学们一面走,一面唱。
B.释义:表示两事时间上前后紧接。
造句:他一起床就去图书馆了。
(3)这句话暗含故事发生的时间在秋天,因为枫树在秋季变红。
(4)海外游子,思念故乡,年纪越大,思乡越切。
(5)有四个人。除了美籍华人本人外,老伴在一家研究所做营养试验,儿子在核潜艇上当机械总长,顾念在哈佛教书。
(6)A.“写来封航空信,再三托付我为他带几颗生枣核。”
B.“拥抱之后,他就殷切地问我:‘带来了吗?’我赶快从提包里掏出那几棵枣核。他托在掌心,像比珍珠玛瑙还贵重。”
(7)改了国籍,不等于就改了民族感情;而且没有一个民族像我们这么依恋故土的
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2001英语试题
一、语音知识(共8小题,每小题1分)
在下面每组单词中,找出划线部分与其他单词读音不同的一个。
1. A. south B. young C. shout D. round
2. A. unit B. struck C student D. few
3. A. thing B. through C. with D. breath
4. A. chemistry B. chairman C. Chinese D. chalk
5. A. field 13. believe C die D. thief
6. A. gain B. main C. mountain D. straight
7. A. degree B. angry C. energy D. agree
8. A. sew B. suit C. suppose D. sugar
二、词汇知识(共12小题,每小题1分)
从每小题的四个选项中,选出意思与句中划线部分最接近的一个。
9. The teacher in the classroom was astonished at what John said
A. greatly surprised B. shouted loudly C. hid completely D. very excited
10. It's no wonder she came home so early.
A. wonderful 13. not surprising C. not easy to understand EX not gt
11. Don't stay there beyond 10 o'clock.
A. before B. until C. after D towards
12. Even computer cannot avoid mistakes.
A. be free from B. correct C repair 12). make fewer
13. Once in a while, he came to have a talk with me.
3.. Ever3, week B. Every two week C Now and then D. When asked
I4. He was worn out after the race
A. Worried B. carried away C. disappointed D. tired out
15. There is hardly any difference between the two maps
A .almost not B. not C. much El some
16.I am sorry. I have broken a glass
Never mind I can buy another one
A. You need not pay for it B. Never worry
C. You are very pay for it D. It doesn't matter
17. The earth is actually a bit nearer to the sun in January than in July
A. almost B. in fact C hardly D nearly always
18. He got on very well with his fellow workers
A took care of B. was friendly to C was helpful to EX kept in touch with
19. Because of the cold in winter, some birds move to the south
A. To pass through B To pass by C. By mason of D. In spite of
20.she led her children into the room, then started to cook supper for them.
A. began to cook B. was about cook C. thought of cook D. planned to cook
三、语法知识(20 题,每小题1分)
21. please stop Let's listen to the radio
A. arguing B. to argue C be arguing D argue
22. It was not until 1936 basketball became a part of the Olympic Games
A. which B. than C. that D then
23. She returned home from the market only to find the door open and a number of
things .
A. stole B. missing C missed D stealing
24. Mr. Zhang isn't here yet I think he about the meeting
A. should have forgotten B. ought to forget
C must have forgotten D. may forget
25. Would you like to join us?
-- I am not as any of you
A. so a good player B. a player so good C a so good player D. so good player
26. Last week a rare stamp at a price of 6,000 dollars
A. sold B. was sold C had sold D. has been sold
27. The president told me that I was given three days to decide whether I the offer
A. will accept B. would accept C. have accepted D. had accepted
28, Be quiet, everybody. The students of Class Two a listening test.
A. had B. would accepted C. would have D. are having
29. white, the kitchen looks much better than before.
A. paints B. painted C. painting D. To paint
30. The telephone was invented in 1876 by a man Alexander Graham Bell
A. named B. to follow C. following D. that follows
31. There came a terrible cry the fall of the pole.
A. followed B. to follow C following D. that follows
32. Someone was speaking there; the voice was familiar us.
A. by B. to C. for D. with
33. The research results show that the earth goes a little faster it is closer to the sun.
A. as if B. so that C than D. when
34. She earns a good salary, so she be deep in debt.
A. can't B. must C. needn't D. should
35. 1 don't trust him at all. His smiles always make me .
A. feeling .sick B. be sick C. being sick D sick
36. his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among Westen leader.
A. Lead B. Leading C. Have led D. Having led
37. I showed him the picture I of the animals the day before, and told him the story.
A. was taken B. have taken C. had taken D. was taking
58. A toy car that a few pence thirty years ago is worth 800 pounds now.
A. cost B. costs C had cost D. has cost
39. If you drink too much ,your health will get even .
,au bad B. poor C. worse D. not well
40. For centuries, people from all over the world have claimed strange
A. to have seen B. having .seen C. to .see D. seeing
四、完形填空(共15小题,每小题1分)
About 70 million Americans are trying to lose weights. This is almost one out of 41 three people in the United States Some people go on This 42 they eat less of certain foods, especially fat and sugars 43 people exercise with special equipment ,take medicine, 44 even have surgery, Losing weight is hard work, 45 it can also cost a lot of money, so 46 do so many people in the United States want to lose 47 ?Many people in the United States are 48 for looking young and pleasant To many people, 49 good means being thin, Other people worry about their 50 Many doctors say being overweigh 5l unhealthy. But are Americans really fat? A; most 30 million Americans weigh at least 20 percent 52 than their proper weight. 53 ,the United states is the most overweight country in the world,' The stored 54 of adult Americans weighs 2,300million pounds' said an American scientist. He said burning off that Although losing weight is hard work, most people want to find a fast and easy way to take off fat.
41. A. the B. all C. every D. these
42. A. tells B. means C. shows D. asks
43. A. others B. Other C. All D. Those
44. A. or B. that C. which D. until
45. A. although B. but C. and D. unless
46. A. what B. how C. when D. why
47.A money B. weight C chance D. mind
48. A. ready B. worried C. anxious D. annoyed
49. A. being B. looking C. eating D. acting
50. A. friends B. looks C. health D. relations
51. A. makes B. made C was D. is
52. A. fats B. less C more D. heavy
53. A. However B. In fact C. At last D. Besides
54.A. energy B. weight C fat D flesh
55. A. strong B. enough C. great D. much
五,阅读理解(共15分,每小题1分)
What must you do when you receive a present for your birthday? You have to sit down and write a thank - you note. The words "Thank you" very important. We have to use them on so many occasions We say them when someone gives us a drink, helps us to pick up things, hands us a letter, leads us a book or gives us lift.
Another important word is" please" Many people forget to use it. It is rude to ask someone to do something without saying pleas" We have to use it when we ask for something, too It may be a book or a pencil, more rice or more sauce, help or advice, It may be in the classroom ,at home, at the bus-stop or over the counter, We have to use" please" to make request pleasant.
We have to learn to say "sorry" too. When we have hurt someone's feeling, we'll have to go up and say we're sorry .When we have told a lie and feel sorry, we will have to use the same word When we have forgotten something or broken a promise, we will have to explain with that word, too. "Sorry" is a healing word We can make people forget wrongs by using it sincerely.
These three words are -simple but important. Man had to use them long ago. We have to use them now. Our children will have to use them again. They are pleasing words to use in any language.
56. When we receive a birthday present, we have to .
A. return it B. give it to one of out friends
C do nothing D. write a thank one-you note
57. When someone helps us to do something, we should .
A. thank him B. say sorry to him
C use the word "please" D. not say anything
58. One of the important words in any language is .
A. hello B. yes C no D. please
59. We have to use the words in any language is .
A. hurt someone's feelings B. ask for something
C. receive a pleasant D. have told a lie
60. The three important words is .
A, thanks, hello and goodbye B. yes, no and really
C thanks, please and sorry D. well. please and pardon
B
The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture, Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce." In Europe," said Thomas Jefferson, "the object is to make the most of their !and, labor being abundant; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant." It was in the United states , therefore, that the great advances in nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of crude plow, farmers could have carded practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their back;' by 1860,most of the machinery in use today had been desired in an early from .The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow, As early as 1790 Charles Newbold of New jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmer, however, were not interested in it, darning that the iron poisoned soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the pkow, until in 1869 James ()fiver of south Indiana, mined out the first chilled-steel plow.
61 .What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The need for a agricultural advances to help feed a growing population
B. The development of safer machines demanded by the labor movement
C. Machinery that contributed to the agricultural revolution
D. New jersey as a leader in the agricultural revolution
62. The word "naturally" in line3is closest in meaning to
A. unsurprisingly B gradually C apparently D safely
63. The expression "make the most of" in line 4 is closest in meaning to
A. get the best-yield from B raise the price of
C exaggerate the worth of D earn a living on
64. What point is the author making by stating that farmers could carry nearly all their
tools on their backs?
A. Farmers had few tools before the agricultural revolution
B. People in the United States were traditionally self-reliant
C. Life on file farm was extremely difficult
D. New tools were designed to the portable
65. When was the iron plow invented?
A. In 1790 B. In the early 1800's C It 1869 D. It the early, 1900's
C
Joe and Helen Mills had two small children. One of them was six, and the other was four. The)' always resisted going to bed, and Helen was always complaining to Joe about this, but as he did not come back home from work until after she had gone to Joe bed during the week, he was unable to help except at weekends. Joe considered himself a good singer, hut really his voice was not at all musical However, he decided that if sang to the children when they went to bed, it world help them to relax. But on Sunday night, he heard his small son whisper to his younger sister,' if you pretend that you are asleep, he will stop!"
66. The two children
A. liked staying up late B. always sat up for their dad till after the midnight
C. always played throughout file night D. always found it hard to ~ sleep
67. Helen always complained to Joe
A about his coming late B. about her housework
C about the naughty children D. the children were always unwilling to ,go to bed
68. When could Joe have time?
A. during the week B. from Monday to Friday
C. on Saturday and Sunday D. from Sunday to Saturday
69. The word "musical" in the passage means
A. low enough B. pleasant C. like singing D for music
70. Which statement is true?
A. The children enjoy their Father's singing well
B. Their father's singing gave them much relax
C. Their father sang them to sleep ex, every day
D. The boy told his sister to pretend to sleep so that their father would not sing any
more.
六、作文(15分)(不少与120字)
The most important day in my life

英语答案(2001)
1.BBCACCCD
2.ABCACDADBBCA
3.ACBCDBBDBACBDADDCACA
4.CBBACDBCBCDBCB
5.DADBCCAAAAACBD
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英语试题(2000)
一、语音知识(共8小题,每小题1分)
在下列每组单词中,找出划线部分与其他单词读音不同的一个。
1. A. Teach B. Dead C. Lead D. League
2. A. Look B. Wood C. Foot D. Boot
3. A. Home B. Wolf C. Hope D. Note
4. A. Speaks B. Lays C. Stays D. Delays
5. A. Wander B. Waste C. Wash D. Want
6. A. Question B. Station C. Population D. Condition
7. A. Another B. Those C. There D. Mouth
8. A. Behind B. Blind C. Drink D. Design
二、词汇知识(共计12小题,每小题1分)
从每小题的四个选项中,选出意思与句中画线部分最接近的一项
9. The girl was raised by her aunt after her parents died.
A. risen B. lift C. brought up D. earned on
10. The soldiers have given us students a great deal of help.
A. a lot of B. little C. a little D. some
Il. The customer charged the clothes at Sears.
A. bought on credit B. required C. filled D. priced
12. How can you live on that salary?
A. dwell B. support C. exist D. survive
13. She has a lot of dubious friends.
A. dependable B. thoughtful C. unreliable D. unfriendly
14. We called on our teacher last week.
A. telephoned B. shouted at C. visited D. spoke m loud voice
15. One is supported to eat a light meal before going to bed.
A. tasteful B. small C. vegetarian D. cheap
16.We have issued a very interesting report on Central America
A. referred to B. rejected C. published D. canceled
17. It's not an easy job to select a Christmas gift for a child.
A. give B. find C. buy D. choose
18. It is important that all the conditions should remain constant in this experiment.
A. unchanged B. considered C. continued D. satisfied
19. The girl is too obese to take part m volleyball.
A. slender B. busy C. hard D. fat
20. Their teacher wants them to go over all the essays for grammar and spelling errors.
A. review B. repeat C. overlook D. recite
三、语法知识(共20分小题,每小题1分)
从每从每小题的四个选项中,选出最佳的一项
21. Two of them will go first and the rest stay at home.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
22. The population of the city increasing fast.
A. were B. be C. is D. are
23. It's impossible for so workers to do so work in one day.
A. few, much B. few, many C. little, much D. little, many
24. China has larger population than in Europe.
A. any other country B. any country
C. any country else D. another country
25. sun has always been important guide to direction.
A. A, an B. The, an C. The, the D. The, a
26. Their school is than ours.
A. more beautiful B. most beautiful
C. the more beautiful D. the most beautiful
27. We can go there on foot. It is only walk.
A. twenty minute B. twenty minutes'
C. a twenty minutes D. twenty minutes of
28. The Chinese Communist Party in 1921.
A. founded B. found C. was founded D. was found
29. He said that he to the Great Wall.
A. had never been B. had never gone C. was never D. has never been
30. lf you the teacher' s advice, you would have passed the English exam.
A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed
31. "Hare you moved into the new house?" "Not yet, the rooms .
A. are being painted B. are painting
C. are painted D. are being painting
32. The new secretary will report to the manager as soon as she .,
A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving
33. Oh, it's so late! It is time I home.
A. go B. went C. am going D. were going
34. Most I do that again?
No, you ?
A. won't B. mustn't C. needn't D. can't
35. l saw him leave the office an hour ago. He at this time.
A. mustn't be working B. can't be working
C. can't work D. may not being working
36. The clock won't work properly. It wants .
A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. being repaired
37. As long as you live, your heart never stops .
A. to beat B. beat C. beating D. being beaten
38. Few people agreed his plan at the meeting.
A. on B. for C. with D. to
39. Have a glass of water, ?
A. do you want B. will you C. shall we D. do you please
40. They are in great need of help. .
A. So do I B. So am I C. So I am D. Also am I
四、完形填空(共15分小题,每小题)
Some people don't like TV. They worry that 41 may not be good 42 people. 43 reason is that mnny people 44 a great deal of time watching it. Expert believe that most children will have watched about twenty thousand hours of TV 45 the time they are sixteen. That's more time than is spent 46 any one activity offer than sleeping. It's 47 more time than is spent in school. Some people think that this is far too much time to spend 48 a television 49 . They think it takes too much time away from more active pastimes, 50 people 51 instead of doers.
But no one has yet been able to determine 52 TV is actually a good thing a bad thing, or something in between Many complaints 53 in recent years. 54 this, television, violence and commercial techniques are now being closely studied. The possibility that TV causes eyestrain is being 55 . These concerns are bringing changes to the world of TV.
41. A. this B. that C. it D. which
42. A. for B. to C. with D. at
43. A. A B. This C. The D. One
44. A. use B. spend C. take D. cost
45. A. by B. in C. at D. on
46. A. in B. at C. on D. toward
47. A. far B. still C. even D. much
48. A. in the front of B. behind C. in front of D. ahead
49. A. machine B. window C. screen D. frame
50. A. to make B. makes C. making D. make
51. A. watch B. to watch C. watchers D. watcher
52. A. if B. whether C. that D. how
53. A. expressed B. are expressed
C. have been expressed D. were expressed
54. A. in spite of B. Because C. Because of D. As a result
55. A. looked into B. looked for C. looked through D. looked at
五、阅读理解(共15分小题,每小题2分)从每小题的四个选项中,选出最佳的一项。
A
About the year 1900, a small dark-haired boy named Charlie Chapliln was often seen waiting outside the back entrances of London theatres. He looked thin and hungry. He was hoping to get work in show business. He could sing and dance, and above all, he knew how to make people laugh. But he couldn't get work and therefore wandered about the city streets. Sometimes he was sent away to a home for children who had no parents.
But twenty years later this same Chaplin became the greatest, best-known, and the best loved comedian m the world. Nearly all visitors to cinema must have seen some of Chaplin's films. People everywhere had sat and laughed at them until the tears ran down their faces. Even people who don't understand English can enjoy Chaplin's films because they are almost silent. It isn't what he says that makes people laugh. His comedy doesn't depend on words or languages. It depends on little actions which mean the same thing to people all over the world. Acting without words, of common human situations plays an important part in the dances and plays of many countries. It's a kind of world language.
Chaplin lived most of his life in America and died in Switzerland on Christmas 1977, at the
age of 88. There was sadness all over the world at the news of his death.
56. Why was young Chaplin waiting outside the back entrances of the theatres?
A. He wanted to enjoy a play m the theatre.
B. He was hungry and wanted some food
C. He liked to play a part in a play and thus make a living
D. He wished to become a man of business
57. People all over file world can enjoy Chaplin's films without translation because?
A. English is widely known in the world
B. They can enjoy the films silently
C. The are mostly comedies
D. Most of them are silent
58. What is "a kind of world language" according to the passage?
A. comedy B. acting out common human
C. silence D. films or plays
59. Chaplin is regarded as king of comedy mainly because
A. he acted out the common human situation best m his comedy
B. he could sing and dance well
C. he knew how to make people laugh
D. lots of people have seen his films
60. Little does Chaplin's comedy depend on
A. actions B. feelings
C. expressions D. words
B
Imagine if every time you went to the refrigerator or food cupboard, a voice scolded "Are you eating again? No wonder you look the way you do . You'll be sorry, fatty. "Chances are, you would cut down on those m-between-meal snacks so ruinous to your diet. That's the idea behind a new battery-powered device that acts as a constant reminder to dieters with little will-power. Called the Diet Conscience, the tiny gadget fit on practically and refrigerator or cabinet shelf and has a switch that activates it the moment file door is opened. Its eighteen-second recording is purposely offensive and will repeat itself indefinitely until the door is closed. According to its developer, Carol Kiebala of Leca, Ltd, in Palatine, T11, the Diet Conscience can't help you from sneaking leftovers or a second dessert-but it will certainly make feel guilty when you do. Price: about $10.
61. What does "gadget" mean m this passage?
A. refrigerator B. device C. inventor D. developer
62. The purpose of using the Diet Conscience is that?
A. it will stop you when you want to take more than enough food from the refrigerator
B. it brings no harm to its buyers
C. it will make you feel unnatural while taking food from the refrigerator
D.it will be made known to the public
63. What does "activate" mean?
A. make it start
C. turn it off
B. involve it in various activities
D. dump it
64. The passage is most likely taken from?
A. a university text book B. a user's manual
C. a novel D. an advertisement newspaper
65. Which one do you think is the best title for this passage?
A. Anew way to keep diet B. Diet
C. Do you want to keep finger D. Disaster to the fat
C
The U.S. has been called the most wasteful nation on earth. Americans are accustomed to driving big cars, over-heating their homes, and filling their kitchens are with timesaving like dish washers and microwave ovens. Air conditioning algae accounts for 7% of the nation's energy use. Yet m 1977, almost 50% of the United States oil was imported at a cost of $ 42 billion. As argue, many Americans are convinced that there is an energy shortage. They argue that the U.S. must mend its wasteful ways and check its dependence on foreign oil.
But there exist those who insist that there is no real shortage of energy. They claim that the world still has enough gas and oil reserves to provide ample energy for the next two or three decades. Many scientists say that one-third of the world's undiscovered oil is to be found beneath the sea bed. The most promising areas for the U.S. are the petroleum reserves located about 50 miles off shore, along the Eastern sea coast. In addition to oil supply, there are huge reserves of natural gas and coal in the U.S. which were already consumed in the last 50 years.
It is a fact that US. is using up energy faster than it produces it. They still need to make use of alternative forms of energy, such as solar power, windmills and not to rely on fossil fuels that are becoming scarce and cannot be replaced.
66. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The U.S. will make use of their other forms of energy.
B. The U.S. will use up their energy in the near future'
C, The U.S. is the most wasteful nation on the earth
D. The U.S. is the most abundant innovational resources
67. The main reason why some people insist that there is no real energy shortage is?
A. there is one-third of the world's undiscovered oil undeveloped
B. there is ample natural gas and coal in the U.S.
C. there are different forms of energy to be developed
D. there are enough gas and oil reserves for several decades
68. It can be inferred that if Americans do not make use of alternative forms of energy
A. they will not meet with the energy shortage
B. they can use natural gas or coal 'instead
C. they can import oil to meet their needs
D. they will move towards the energy crisis
69. The paragraph following this passage will most probably discuss
A. how to use other forms of energy which have been known
B. how to pass the energy crisis to be faced
C. how to import other forms of energy being faced
D. how to cover the shortage of energy being faced
70. What does "ample" mean?
A. abundant B. little C. oil D. scanty
六、作文(15 )分(不少与120 个字)
Title: Why do I want to be a student of Peking University?
You are to write three Paragraphs:
1. In the first paragraph slate dearly your viewpoint
2. In the second paragraph support your viewpoint with derails or examples
3. In the last paragraph bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary
英语答案(2000)
1 B 11 A 21 B 31 A
2 D 12 D 22 C 32 B
3 B 13 C 23 A 33 A
4 A 14 C 24 B 34 C
5 B 15 B 25 B 35 B
6 A 16 C 26 A 36 C
7 D 17 D 27 B 37 A
8 C 18 A 28 C 38 D
9 C 19 D 29 A 39 B
10 A 20 A 30 C 40 B
41 C 51 C 61 B
42 A 52 B 62 A
43 D 53 C 63 A
44 B 54 C 64 C
45 A 55 A 65 A
46 C 56 C 66 C
47 C 57 D 67 A
48 C 58 B 68 D
49 C 59 A 69 A
50 C 60 D 70
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英语试题 (1999)
一、 找出划线部分读音不同于组内其它划线部分读音的单词(8分)
1. A chairs B hens C waiters D bags
2. A loose B wood C boot D foot
3. A chance B plane C change D danger
4. A fix B exercise C examine D excuse
5. A same B visit C six D sister
6. A thought B house C round D mount
7. A degree B angry C energy D agree
8. A dear B fear C ear D heard
二、选出词意最接近划线部分的单词或词组(10分)
9. Now let's go over our lesson again.
A go on doing B go on with C study D review
10. He keeps silent on that matter.
A smiles B shouts C says nothing D crys
11. My mother made up her mind to learn another foreign language,
A decided B prepared C had an idea D arranged
12. Could you do me a favour, please, and change this note for me?
A agree with me B support C be kind to me D help me
13. This is a true story.
A real B interesting C wonderful D cruel
14. I heard from my sister yesterday.
A listened B got a letter from C saw D got a calif rom
15. It's a very diffcult Job for him.
A easy B hard C nice D good
16. Will you feed cat for me.
A play with B give food to C help D send for
17. Today, we'll learn lesson twelve.
A twelve lesson B twelveth lesson
C the twelveth lesson D thelvelfth lesson
18. He caught a cold because of yesterday's rain.
A was cold B became cold C died D had ac old
19. He was worn out after the race.
A worried B carried away C disappointed D tired out
20. Thee is hardly any difference between the two maps.
A almost not B not C much D some
三、单项填空(20分)
21. I have a lot of of my childhood
A photoes B photo C photo's D photos
22. He thinks more of than of himself.
A theother B others C another D other
23. There is only water left in the bottle.
A little B a little C few D a few
24. China is larger than country in Africa.
A any other B all the other C any D the other
25. The letter is sent by
A a friend of my father B my father friend's
C a friend of my father's D my father friend
26. We had hardly started dinner the guest came m.
A than B when C that D as soon as
27. Mary the piano when I arrived.
A play B plays C was playing D played
28. She the piano since she was a child.
A played B has played C have played D had played
29. She is worried your health.
A with B of C about D for
30. It is difficult to tell the difference these two words.
A in B among C between D for
31. Let's go finishing ?
A will you B shall we C won'tl D are we
32. His bicycle is not so expensive as .
A me B I C min3 D my's
33. I still remember the place our class once did some field work.
A there B where C which D when
34. Hello, are you German or America?
A a; an B an; a C an; an D a; a
35. This is the material in the lab next Monday.
A tested B is tested C will be tested D has been tested
36. The doctor .
A has taken; listened B had taken; listened
C took; had listened D took; listened
37. lf be it, the idea would never have entered her bead,
A had not said B have not said C had said D have said
38. He came to the party without
A be invited B being invited C was invited D were invited
39. It was at the station I met your brother yesterday.
A where B when C that D whom
40. Li asked me with him.
A to go fish B go fishing C to go fishing D goes fishing
三、阅读理解 (30 分)
An Advertisement
A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspapers, "Last week," said he, "my umbrella was stolen from a London church. As it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but didn't get it back.."
"How did you write your advertisement? asked one of the listeners, a merchant.
"Here it is," said the man, talking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper. The offer man took it and read, "Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening, a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street."
"Now ,"said the merchant, "I often advertise, and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of extreme importance. Let us try for your umbrella again. and if it fails, I'll buy you anew one."
The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: "If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening doesn't wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known."
This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve unbrellas of all sizes and colours that had been thrown in, and his own was among the number. Many of them had nines fastened to them saying that they had been taken by mistake and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.
l. According to the first advertisement, anyone who would receive ten shillings.
A. found the umbrella B. gave a message
C. left file umbrella at No. 10 Broad Street D. left the umbrella m the City
2. The result of file first advertisement was that .
A. the man got his umbrella back B, the man wasted some money advertising
C. nobody found the missing umbrella
D. the umbrella was found somewhere near the church
3, A merchant asked .
A. when he lost his umbrella B. how he wrote his advertisement
C. where he lost his umbrella D. what he did after losing his umbrella
4. The merchant suggested that the man should
A. buy a new umbrella B. go on looking for his umbrella
C. write another and better advertisement D. report to the police
5. Why did the merchant say "1 often advertise and find that it pays me well"?
A. He knew how to advertise. B. He had more money for advertising.
C. He found it easy to advertise
D. He had a friend in the newspaper where he advertised.
6. "lf it fails, I'll buy you a new one" suggested that
A. He was quite sure of success
B, He was not sure he would get the umbrella back
C. He was rich enough to afford a new umbrella
D. He did not know what to go
7. Did the merchant know who had taken the umbrella?
A. Sure. B. Not very sine. C. Not at all. D. Probably.
8. This is a story about
A. a useless advertisement
B. how to make an effective advertisement
C. how the man lost and found his umbrella
D. what the merchant did for the umbrella owner
Wit Can Gain a Breakfast
Pat O’Burke was a poor Irishman with a large family, and one morning, waking up very early from cold and hunger, he decided to go shooting in a wood near his cottage. The wood belonggd to Lord Northwood, a rich gentleman, Pat had no right to go there, but in it there were swarms of rabbits and flocks of birds that were good to eat, Pat determined to take the risk. Suddenly he saw the owner, with a group of friends, coming towards him in the wood. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face as he caught sight of the gun in Pat's hands. Pat's heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hope of eascape, so he walked boldly up to the company and .said to Lord Northwood," Good morning, sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning? Lord Northwood, rather surprised, said he and his Mends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite for their breakfast. Then, looking at Pat with suspicion, he said, "but why are you out so early m
the morning? "Well, sir" said Pat, "I just came out to see if I could get a breakfast for my appetite. "The whole crowed burst into laughter at Pat's ready wit, and with a smile Lord Northwood walked on, leaving Pat to try his luck with the rabbits.
1. This is a stray about .
A. a rich man who owned a big wood
B. a poor Irishman who lived all by himself
C. a clever man who tried to get something to eat for his breakfast
D. an Irish hunter with a large family
2. One morning Pat went to a wood .
A. to get a little exercise B. to take in some fresh air
C. hoping to get something to eat D. to visit the rich owner
3. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face. Why?
A. He was not expecting Pat at this early hour.
B. He knew Pat was coming for shooting.
C. He didn't like the poor Irishman at all.
D. Pat had not told him he would come.
4. Why was Lord Northwood surprised?
A. He had not expected such a bold question from Pat.
B. He wondered why Pat didn't nm away.
C. Pat wasn't afraid of him.
D. Pat had a gun in his hands.
5. Pat's made the whole crowd burst into laughter.
A. funny looks B. interesting remarks
C. quick and witty response D. promise to leave fight away
6. In the end Lord Northwood 。
A. ordered Pat out of the wood B. warned Pat against shooting
C. left Pat alone in the wood D. asked Pat to join them
7. It was because of his that Pat was left to try his luck.
A. boldness B calmness C. quickness of mind D. obedience
五、完形填空(15分)
Mike Johnson needs a car. He 1 looking for one for three weeks. This morning his friend
Jack Evans phoned him to tell him about a very good 2 car. It was a sports car. He said he 3
it at a garage 0 in North London. Mike asked Jack where 4 . Jack told him that it was near Barnet underground station. Mike wanted to know how 5 it was. Jack said that it 6 about ¥4,000. Jack thought that Mike 7 afford that price ; he knew that Mike 8 a lot of money in Canada.
Mike phoned Penny straight away. He knew she was not on work that day. She was 9 holiday. He 10 her ff she wanted to look at the car with him. Penny asked why he 11 in a sports car. She wanted him to buy a bigger, 12 car.
But Mike was afraid that he had not 13 money for a better car. He said that she 14 go and meet him at Barnet underground station 15 an hour.
I. A. has been B. had been C. is D. was
2. A. first-hand B. second-hand C. third-hand D. new
3. A. saw B. sees C. has seen D. had seen
4. A. was the garage B. is the garage C. the garage was D. the garage is
5. A. many B. much C. big D. new
6. A. costed B. costs C. cost D. was costing
7. A. could B. can C. may D. -might
8. A. has saved B. had saved C. saved D. saves
9. A. for B. on C. in D. at
I0. A. told B. said to C. asked D. ordered
11. A. is interesting B. was interesting C. is interested D. was interested
12. A. more expersive B. more comfortable C. cheaper D. faster
13. A. many B. much C. enough D. a lot of
14. A. had better B. would better C. must D.
15. A. in B. after C. within D. for
六、作文(15分)
王明是北京大学一年级的学生,宿舍外有一建筑工地,日夜施工,噪音很大。假设你是王明,请用英文给校长写一封信,要求改善环境,至少提出一点建设。(120字左右)
Wang Ming is a freshman of Peking University. There is a construction area beside his dormitory. It makes lound noises for constructing every day and night. Suppose you were Wang Ming. Please write a letter in English to the president of Peking University for improving this condition. You must offer two suggestions.
英语答案(1999)
(一) 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D
(二) 1.D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. D 11.D 12. A
(三) 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C
(四) 1. C2. B 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. C
(五) 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B II~D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A
(六)
April 17, 1999
Dear President:
I'm a freshman of Peking University. My name is Wang Ming. The beautiful scenery of our University impresses me deeply. I like it very much. But now, ['m in trouble. There is a construction site beside our dormitory. It makes loud noises every day and night. We can't not study and sleep well. I hope this condition can be changed. I have two suggestions for this. First, please only construct at the daytime, so that it will guarantee our study and sleep at night. Second,
I wonder if it is possible that postpone file processing of construction to summer vacation.
Thank you very much. Any consideration will be highly appreciated!

Yours sincerely
Wang Min
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英语试卷(1998)
一、 Choose the word whose pronunciation of the underlined part is different from the
other three in each group: (8%)
找出划线部分读音不同于组内其它划线部分读音的单词:(共8小题,计8分)
1. A. enough B. weight C. neighbor D. although
2. A. bread B. weather C. breath D. weak
3. A. town B. shown C. south D. pronounce
4. A. completed B. planted C. decided D. explained
5. A. smooths B. officers C. scientists D. tables
6. A. suggestion B. attention C. celebration D. composition
7. A. chemistry B. Christmas C. chest D. stomach
8. A. cook B. food C. foot D. wood
二、 Choose a word or phrase that can be used instead of each of the underlined part: (12%)
选出词意最接近划线部分的单词或词组:(共12小题,计12分)
9. After his wife's death he aged quickly.
A. didn't want to live B. died C. became old D. grew up
10. He was the first in the race.
A. defeated B. won C. best D. hit
11. Please drop in when you come to Beijing next time.
A. visit me B. phone me C. write me D. tell me
12. The little girl is very fond of her sister's chocolates.
A. feels a great need for B. feels a love for
C. feels a good idea of D. feels proud of
13. Look out when you cross the street
A. Be calm B. Be brave C. Be quick D. Be careful
14. The little girl is too weak to raise the heavy box.
A. rise B. put C. get D. lift
15. We waited at the airport till the plane had taken off.
A. left the ground B. flown away C. landed D. disappeared
16. She is a very helpful girl.
A. a girl who needs help from others
B. a gift who is very important for others
C. a gift who is willing to help others
D. a gift who feels lonely
17. We decided to delay going on our holidays until next month.
A. put off B. stop C. be late for D. give up
18. I get happiness from listening to music.
A. take pride in B. enjoy C. praise D. admire
19. Lesson Nine is very interesting.
A. Ninth Lesson B. Nineth Lesson
C. The Ninth Lesson D. The Nineth Lesson
20. If he doesn't turn up before noon, we'll have to go without him.
A. getup B. keep up C. hurry D. arrive
三. Multiple Choose: Choose the best answer for each blank. (20%)
单项填空:(20小题, 计20)
21. It is said that the shop will reduce the price of
A. radioes B. radio C. radios D. radio's
22. That woman over there is
A. a friend of my sister B. a friend of my sisters
C. a friend of my sister's D. a friend of sister'
23. She is more beautiful, but healthy than her sister.
A. least B. less C. more D. most
24. These apples taste
A. well B. good C. to be well D. to be good
25. The hero of the story is an artist in his
A. thirtieth B. thirty C. thirty's D. thirties
26. David and Lily good friends.
A. used to be B. used to being C. are used to be D. are used to being
27. Don't hurry. There is still time.
A. few B. little C. a few D. a little
28. Don't smoke in the classroom. ?
A. will you B. do you C. can you D. could you
29. Englishman who could not speak French bought useful
French-English dictionary.
A. An; an B. An; a C. A; an D. A; a
30. The music was loud that you could hear it from miles away.
A. too B. so C. such D. very
31. I'm looking forward to you in the office building.
A. meet B. have met C. met D. meeting
32. Tom and Peter were both very fired. But of them would stop to take a rest.
A. neither B. none C. either D. all
33. He had made his decision and refused his mind.
A. changing B. changed C. to change D. Change
34. __ is still unknown when they are going to inspect the factory.
A. Which B. That C. It D. What
35. We don't know
A. that the students are doing B. that are the students doing
C. what are the students doing D. what the students are doing
36. A harvester is a man is harvesting or a machine we harvest crops.
A. who; by which B. that; which C. that; that D. who; with which
37. David lost his key but now he it.
A. found B. has found C. finds D. is finding
38. It was in 1939 the World War II broke out.
A. when B. which C. that D. how
39. more time, I can do the work better.
A. Given B. Giving C. Tog ire D. Being given
40. You go with me, if you don't want to.
A. needn't to B. don't need didn't need to D. needn't
四、 Reading Comprehension(30%)
阅读理解(共15小题,计30分)
阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳答案。
A
Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. In one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers. But sound travels only 344 meters. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race if you stand some distance away from the starter. You can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.
This great speed of light produces some strange facts. Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us. If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays (光线) left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you. The nearest star is so far away that the light which you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million kilometers per minute. In some cases, the light from one of tonight's stars started on its journey to you before you were born.
Thus, if we want to be honest, we can't say, "The stars are shining tonight" . We have to say, "The stars look pretty, they were shining four year ago but their light has only just reached the earth."
41. Light speed is than sound speed.
A. million times faster B. a million times slower
C. about millions limes faster D. about a million times faster
42. If you stand 200 meters away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race you will find out that .
A. you can hear the gun before you see the smoke
B. sound does not travel as fast as light
C. the sound of the gun will reach you before the man fires his gun
D. sound travels about a million times faster than light.
43. Sunlight obviously than the light of the moon.
A. has to travel a greater distance B. moves less quickly
C. travels much more quickly D. less powerful
44. The scientific way of saying "The stars are shining tonight" should be.
A. the stars have been shining all the time
B. the stars seen tonight will be shining four years later
C. the stars were shining long ago but seen tonight
D. the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago
45. The light of the nearest star you see tonight has been for years.
A. on the earth B. on the moon C. away from the sun D. away from that star
B
Mr Jackson was tired of living in his old house in the country side and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He tried to sell it for a long time, but was not successful, so at last he decided to go to an estate agent房产经纪人).
The agent advertised(登广告) the house straight away, and a few days later, the owner saw a very beautiful photograph of his house, with a wonderful description of his garden in an expensive magazine.
Having read the advertisement through, the house owner hurried to phone the estate agent, saying, "I'm sorry, Mr Jones, but I've decided not to sell my house after ail", "Why?" in a surprised voice the agent asked. "Because from the advertisement in that magazing I can see it's just the kind of house I've wanted to live in all my life."
46. Mr Jackson wanted to sell his house because
A. he needed some money to support his family
B. his house was too old to live in
C. he wanted some money to buy a new one
D. he didn't want to live in the house any longer
47. The reason why Mr Jackson went to the estate agent was
A. he had failed in selling his house by himself
B. he wanted the estate agent to help him to get a good price
C. he was sure that the estate agent could help him
D. he wanted the estate to advertise his house in the magazine
48. At last Mr Jones
A. was successful in selling the house
B. felt sorry to have lost a sale by his doing too good a job
C. was satisfied with what he had done in the advertisement
D.didn’t understand why Mr Jackson had changed his mind
49. Mr Jackson decide not to sell his house because
A. the buyer offered him little money
B. the estate agent wanted too much money
C. he found his house was just the one he wanted to live in
D. he was pleased with the photograph and the description of his house in the magazine
50. What do you think of the advertisement in magazines?
A. They are worth reading
B. They usually make things far better than they really are
C. They are a great help to those who want to buy something
D. They describe things as they really are
C
Strange things happen to time when you travel, because the earth is divided into twenty-four time zones one hour apart. You can have days with more or fewer than twenty-four hours, and weeks with more or fewer than seven days.
If you make a five-day trip across the Atlantic Ocean, your ship enters a different time zone every days. As you enter each zone, the time changes one hour. Traveling west, you set your clock back, traveling east, you set it ahead. Each day of your trip has either twenty-five or twenty-three hours.
If you travel by ship across the Pacific, you cross the international date line. By agreement, this is the point where a new day begins. When you cross the line, you change your calendar one full day, backward or forward. Traveling east, today becomes yesterday, traveling west, it is tomorrow.
51. Strange things happen to time when you travel because
A. no day really have twenty-four hours.
B. the earth is divided into times zones.
C. time zones are not all the same size.
D. no one knows where time zones begin.
52. The difference in time between zones is
A. seven days B. twenty four hours C. one hour D. more than 7 days
53. If your cross the ocean going east, you set your clock.
A. ahead one hour in each new time zone.
B. ahead one hour for the whole trip.
C. back one full day for each time zone.
D. ahead by twenty-three hours.
54. The international date time is the name for.
A. the beginning of any new time zone.
B. any point where time changes by one hour.
C. the point where a new day begins.
D. any time zone in the Pacific.
55. The best title for this passage is
A. A Trip Across the Atlantic
B. How Time Changes Around the World
C. Crossing the International Date Line
D. How Time Zones Were set up
五、Choose the best answer for each blank to complete the following passage: ( 15% )
完成填空共(15分)
I have always liked going to school. I enjoy learning new things and 56 new people. I was trying think of my school work 57 a challenge (挑战) instead of as an unpleasant duty. My parents have taught me the value 58 a good education and the importance of 59 doing my best.
My father says that school is "the cradle of education. ' I think 60 is true. A 61 school is like a baby who is put into a cradle. There he begins growing in school, the student begins has education, which will continue as long as he lives.
My school is not very large, but I think it is excellent. This year I am studying maths, English, Chinese, science history and geography. 62 college. My teachers are very strict. We study very hard in class and always have homework. I am learning more and more every day . My best grades are in English 63 science. 64. fact, my English teacher is encouraging me 65 my English studies after high school. She is my best and 66 teacher. She always has the time and patience(耐心) to help me when I have questions. I have great respect 67 her.
I believe a good education is one of the most important things a person 68 Although l participate in (参加) many activities 69 of school, my school work always comes first. And if a student has a positive attitude about school, he will enjoy it more and learn more it. In the years to come he will be glad he 70 hard while in "the cradle of education.
56. A. know B. to meeting C. work with D. meeting
57. A. with B. as C. for D. like
58. A. such B. for C. at D. of
59. A. frequent B. always C. continue D. goon
60. A. which B. he C. that D. as
61. A. go to B. study in C. beginning D. off
62. A. as all as B. in order to prepare C. preparing D. to prepare for
633. A. or B. but C. so is D. and
64. A. According B. About C. In D. with
65. A. to continue B. going on C. for D. with
66. A. favoritest B. good C. old D. favorite
67. A. with B. of C. for D. on
68. A. has gained B. can have C. may make D. will bed one
69. A. ought B. outing C. things D. outside
70. A. will study B. studied C. study D. have studied
六, Writing: (15)
Howard Morris is an English student. He wants to be a pen-pal(笔友) of a Chinese
student. Suppose you are Howard Morris, write a letter of about 120 words with the materials
given below.
Howard Morris 是一个英国学生,他想一个中国学生建立笔友联系,假设你是
Howard Moms, 用下面的材料写一封给一个中国学生的信,字数大约120字
CURRICULUM VITAE 履历表
NAME Howard Morris SEX Male STATUS Single
HEAL TH healthy DATE OF BIRTH 22 / 7 / 78
PLACE OF BIRTH Dulwich, London
PRESENT ADDRESS 66 Cambridge street, London,W27. England
FAMILY BSCKGROUND
FATHER: John Moms Engineer Texas Thaker co.
MOTHER: Susan Moms Maths teacher South High School
SISTER: Amis Moms Doctor Central Hospital, London

EDUCATION
1985 - 1991. Fairlawn Primary School
1991 - 1997 South High School
1997 - 1998 Oxford University
HOBBIES
Waterskiing Baseball Cycling
英语答案 (1998)
一、语音(8小题,共8分)
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B
二、词汇 ( 12小题,共12分)
9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. D
15. A 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D
三、单项选择(20小题,共20分)
21. C 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D
26. A 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B
31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D
36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
四、阅读(15小题,共30分)
41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D
46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. B
51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. B
五、完形填空(共15分)
56. D 57. B 58. B 59. B 60. C
61. C 62. D 63. D 64. C 65. A
66. D 67. C 68. B 69. D 70. D
六、写作(共15分)
My name is Howard Morris. I am a boy-student in Oxford University. I am twenty years old. I have a wonderful family. My father is an engineer, who works in Texas Thaker Co. My mother teaches in South High School in London. She is in change of teaching Maths in that school. I have a sister. Her name is Amis Morris, who works as a doctor.
As a student in England, I would like very much to make you friends so that we may know each other better. And we may share different cultures to promote friendship between our two nations. I am active in sports. My favourate sports are to go waterskiing, to play baseball as well as cycling. I should be very grateful if you would let me know something about yourself. Enclosed in the letter you may find my address,
66 Cambridge street, London, W27. England
I look forward to heating from you soon.

Yours sincerely,
Howard Morri
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2002年历史试题
一、选择题
1.最早出现在今陕西省境内的人类是
A.元谋人 B.蓝田人 C.半坡人 D.山顶洞人
2.下面哪一历史事件发生在公元前11世纪?
A.夏启家天下 B.盘庚迁殷 C.武王伐纣 D.国人暴动
3.下列所列年代,哪一个是“初税亩”开始实行的年代: ( )
A.公元前841年 B.元前771年 C.公元前594年 D.公元前21年
4.战国时,主张“兼爱”、“非攻”的思想家是: ( )
A.墨子 B.孟子 C.庄子 D荀子
5.向秦始皇建议焚书的是 ( )
A.蒙恬 B.李斯 C.韩非 D.秦二世
6.下列朝代中,都城在洛阳的是 ( )
A.西周 B.西汉 C.西晋 D.西夏
7.下面是西汉时期丝调之路的几个地点,如果从长安出发,瞩一种数字撑列是正确的:( )
(1)长安 (2)今新疆 (3)西亚、大秦 (4)河西走廊
A.(1)(2)(3)(4) B.(1)(4)(2)(3)
C.(1)(2)(4)(3》 D.(1)(3)(4)(2)
8.司马迁的(史记》是中国的: ( )
A.第一部通史 B.第一部编年史 C.第一部纪传体通史 D.第一部断代史
9.北魏是中国北方哪一个民族建立的王朝? ( )
A.匈奴 R鲜卑 C羯 D羌
10.公元383年发生的战役是 ( )
A.官渡之战 B.赤壁之战 C.淝水之战 D.巨鹿之战
11.中国的书法成为一门艺术始于: ( )
A.三国时期 B.东汉末年 C.东晋时期 D.南北朝时期
12.隋朝时台湾叫做( )
A.流求 B.琉球 C.夷洲 D.澎湖
13.唐朝时称印度为( )
A.西域 B.身毒 C.印度 D.天竺
14.在下列古代著名的医生或医学家中,首先使用四珍法的是( )
A.张仲景 B.扁鹊 C.华佗 D.孙思邀
15.回纥是中国哪一民族的祖先( )
A.维吾尔族 B.彝族 C.藏族 D.白族
16.毕升发明活字印刷术比欧洲早了( )
A.1700年 B.800年 C.400多年 D.20O多年
17.火药经由阿拉伯人传入欧洲是在( )
A.隋唐时代 B.宋代 C.元朝 D.明代
18.黄道婆的棉纺织先进技术学自( )
A.白族 B.黎族 C.彝族 D.山越族
19.下列农学著作中,哪一部介绍了欧洲的水利方法? ( )
A.<<农政全书>> B.<<农桑辑要>> C.<<齐民要术>> D.<<天工开物>>
20.军机处是哪位皇帝开始设置的? ( )
A.明太祖 B.康熙帝 C.雍正帝 D.明成祖
2L《资政新篇》的作者是( )
A.洪秀全 B.李秀成 C.洪仁拜 D.曾国藩
22.下列各项中,与洋务运动无关的是( )
A.引进西方一些近代生产技术 B.刺激了中国资本主义的发展
C建立近代化的国家政治制度 D.对外国经济侵略作了些抵制
23.台湾正式建立行省是在( )
A.1883年 B.1885年 C.1893年 D.1895年
24.近代史上赔款最多的不平等条约是( )
A.《北京条约》 B.《马关条约》 C《辛丑条约》 D《南京条约》
25.孙中山概括的“三民主义”是( )
A.民族、民主、民权三大主义 B.民主、民生、民权三大主义
C.民族、民权、民生三大主义 D.民主、民族、民生三大主义
26.清朝统治结束于
A.1894年 B.1905年 C.1911年 D.l912年
27.1915年、在云南领导起义并宣布云南独立的人不包括
A.蔡锷 B.黄兴 C.李烈钧 D.唐继尧
28.“诗界革命’的口号出现于
A.鸦片战争期间 B.洋务运动期间 C.戊戌变法期间 D.辛丑革命时间
29.阐述“师夷长技以制夷,,这一新思想的著作是
A.《四洲志》 B.《海国图志》 C《瀛环志略》 D《康蝤纪行》
30.中国第一个共产主义小组的创建者是
A.陈独秀 B毛泽东 C李大钊 D董必武
31.中国近代史上历时最长的工人罢工运动是
A.五洲运动 B.省港大罢工 C.京汉铁路工人大罢工 D.“五•二0血案”
32.“一二•九”运动发生在
A1927年 B.1931年 C.1935年 D.1936年
33.1945年8月国共两党重庆谈判,签订的协定是
A双十协定 B.共同纲领 C.国内和平协定 D.停战协定
34.中国大陆最后一个获得解放的省区是
A.云南 B.新疆 C.内蒙古 D.西藏
35.1959年庐山会议上遭到错误批判的是
A.刘少奇 B.彭德怀 C.邓小平 D.周恩来
36.下列事件的先后顺序是
(1)万隆会议 (2)中华人民共和国恢复在联合国的合法席位 (3)中美建交
A.(1)(2)(3) B.(2)(1)(3) C.(3)(2)(1) D.(1)(3)(2)
37.“天安门事件,发生在
A.1972年 B.1976年 C.1978年 D.1981年
38.被誉为“两弹元勋”的科学家是
A.钱学森 B.邓稼先 C.哀隆乎 D。赵忠尧
29.“一国两制’的提出是在
A.1972年 B.1975年 C.l978年 D.1979年
40.〈〈中国史纲要〉〉的作者是
A.范文澜 B.郭沫若 C.翦伯赞 D.侯外庐
41.1519--1,522年进行环球航行的是
A.迪亚土 B.达•伽马 C.哥伦布 D.麦哲伦
42.下列条文出自哪份文件;“国王无权废除或停止法律的执行;不经议会同意,国王不能征税,
不能在和平时期维持常备军;”
A.卢梭的社会契约论 B.英国的权利法案
C.美国的独立宣言 D.法国的人权宣言
43.1792年8月10日巴黎人民武装起义最重要的成果是
A.推翻了君主政体 B.取得了瓦尔密战役的胜利
C.召开了普选的国民公会 队建立了法兰西第一共和国
44.滑铁卢战役发生的时间是
A.1807年 B.1812年 C.1813年 D.1815年
45.下列关于拉丁美洲独立革命的提法中,不正确的是
A.海地是拉丁美洲第一个独立的国家 B.多洛雷斯的呼声发生在1810年
C.巴西于1812年摆脱了葡萄牙的殖民统治 D.革命的对象都是西欧殖民统治者。
46.19世纪初期,第一次资本主义经济危机爆发在
A.英国 B.美国 C.法国 D.意大利
47.《共产党宣言》发表于
A.1847年 B.1848年 C.1852年 D.1861年
48.下列哪种说法是正确的:在1857--1859年的印度民族起义中
A.印度士兵是起义军的主力 B.国民大会党起了领导作用
C.德里是全国起义的中心 D.英王代替东印度公司统治印度
49.德国通过“铁血政策”完成了统一,第三次王朝战争是同哪个国家进行的?
A.奥地利 D.意大利 C.法国 D.丹麦
50.下列事件的先后顺序是
(1)朝鲜义兵运动 (2)埃塞俄比亚的抗意斗争
(3)墨西哥资产阶级革命 (4)苏丹马赫油反英大起义
A.(4)(2)(1)(3) B.(1)(2)(3)(4) C.(4)(2)(3)(1) D.(1)(3)(4)(2)
51.在华盛顿会议上签订的关于中国问题的条约是
几凡尔赛和约 B.五国海军协定 C.九国公约 D.四国协定
52.下列哪种说法是正确的:根据1931年的威斯敏斯特法,英国
A.承认爱尔兰南部26郡享有自治权 B.放松了对自治领的政治控制
C削弱了与自治领的经济联系 D.允许各自治领脱离英帝国
53.通过实行新经济政策决议的会议是
A.俄共(布)“十大” B.俄共(布)“十二大”
C.俄共(布)“十四大” D.俄共(布)“十五大”
54.罗斯福新政的实施时间是
A.1929年 B.1933年 C.1936年 D.1940年
55.太平洋战争的转折点是
A.日德兰梅战 B。珍珠雄战役 C.阿拉曼战役 D.中途岛战役
56.明确规定台湾必须归还中国的国际会议是
A.德黑兰会议 B.开罗会议 C.华盛顿会议 D.雅尔塔会议
57.杜鲁门主义的实质是
A.与苏联争夺世界霸权 B.推备发动侵略朝鲜的战争
C.帮助欧洲走向复兴之路 D.干涉世界各国内政
58.《华沙条约》签订的时间是
A.1947年 B.1949年 C.1955年 D.1957年
59.英国被迫同意印度独立的时间是
A.1947年 B.1949年 C.1950年 D.1951年
60.非洲第一个独立的国家是
A.纳米比亚 B.埃及 C.利比亚 D.埃塞俄比亚
二、名词解释(每题5分,共约分)
1、甲骨文
2、“—•二九”运动
3、俄国1861年改革
4、国际联盟
三、问答(每题19分,共20分)
l、 简述张骞,班超通西域的过程和作用。
2、 简述罗斯福新政的主要内容和评
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2001年历史试题
(说明:本试卷满分100分,时间120分钟。所有答案都要与在答题纸上,否则不予记分。)
一、选择题(每题1分,共60分)
1.殷墟在今天的 ( )
A.河南安阳 B.河南洛阳 C.河南郑州 D.陕西西安
2.下面这些历史人物中,哪位是一个朝代的开国君主 ( )
A.禹 B.汤 C.周文王 D.齐桓公
3.战国时期儒家的代表人物是 ( )
A.墨子、孟子 B.荀子、孟子 C.韩非子、孟子 D.庄子、韩非子
4.下列史实中属于西汉时期的是 ( )
A.文景之治 B.光武中兴 C.贞观之治 D.开元盛世
5.张?通西域是在 ( )
A.公元前3世纪 B.公元前2世纪 C.公元2世纪 D.公元3世纪
5.张骞通西域是在 ( )
A.公元前3世纪 B.公元前2趾纪 C.公元2世纪 D.公元3世纪
6.秦始皇兵马佣出土于今天的 ( )
A.陕西临潼 B.陕西西安 C.河南洛阳 D.陕西咸阳
7.官渡之战的时间是 ( )
A.200年 B.208年 C.22年 D.222年
8.三国时台湾叫做 ( )
A.流求 B琉球 C.夷洲 D.澎湖
9.隋朝建立的时间是 ( )
A.581年 B.589年 C.2605年 D.618年
10.吐蕃是中国哪一民族的祖先? ( )
A.维吾尔族 B.彝族 C.藏族 D.白族
11.唐朝时到天竺研究佛经的是 ( )
A.鉴真 B.阿倍仲麻吕 C玄奘 D.僧一行
12.唐朝医学家孙思邈的著作是: ( )
A.《千金方》 B.《伤寒杂病论》 C.《本草纲目》 D.《内经》
13.北宋初期的纸币交子最早出现在 ( )
A.景德镇 B.四川 C.泉州 D.洛阳
14.元朝时直接负责管辖台湾的机构是 ( )
A.行中书省 B.中书省 C.宣政院 D.澎湖巡检司
15.1271年,忽必烈改蒙古国号为元,定都 ( )
A.东京 B.大都 C.上京 D.临安
16.下列各项表述中,不正确的是 ( )
A.唐朝末年火药开始用于军事 B.北宋毕升发明活宇印刷术
C.南宋时罗盘针开始用于航海 D.元朝时中国火药传到欧洲
17.明成祖迁都北京的时间是 ( )
A.1368年 13.1421年 C.1449年 D.1616年
18.明代的长城东起鸭绿红,西到 ( )
A.陇西 B.嘉峪关 C.山海关 D.河套
19.《天工开物》的作者是 ( )
A.张衡 B.郭守敬 C.沈括 D.宋应星
18.清朝的疆域东北到 ( )
A.黑龙江以北的外兴安岭和库页岛. B.西泊利亚
C.长城 D.巴尔喀什湖北
21.《海国图志》的作者是 ( )
A.魏源 B.林则徐 C.姚莹 D.康有为
22.火烧圆明园的是 ( )
A.八国联军 B.英法联军 C.德军 D.沙俄军队
23.1862年,率军分二路进攻太平军的清朝官员是 ( )
A.奕诉 B.荣禄 C.曾国藩 D.琦善
24.洋务派创办的第一家民用企业是 ( )
A.江南制造总局 B.海轮船招商局
c.福州船政局 D.安庆军械所
25.镇南关大捷发生在 ( )
A.第一次鸦片战争 B.第二次鸦片战争
C.中法战争 D.甲午中闩战争
26.台湾行省的首任巡抚是 ( )
A.刘铭传 B.李鸿章 C.冯子才 D.丁汝昌
27.清军将领邓世昌和林永升殉国的战役是 ( )
A.平壤战役 B.黄海海战 C.辽东半岛战役 D.威海卫战役
28.下列各项中,哪一项不属于美国提出的“门户开放”照会的内容? ( )
A.美国承认各国在华的势力范围和特权
B.在其他各国的势力范围内,美国享有均等的贸易机会
C.划定北京东交民港为“使馆界”,允许千国派兵保护

D.要求中国内地全部开放,使列强都享有投资权利
29.《猛回头》与《警世钟》的作者是 ( )
A.章炳麟 B.邹容 C.黄兴 D.陈天华
30.护法运动的斗争对象是 ( )
A.袁世凯 B.段祺瑞 C.张勋 D.黎元洪
31.中国近代史上代表资产阶级文化的“新学”兴起于 ( )
A.19世纪初 B.19世纪七八十年代 C.19世纪九十年代 D.20世纪初
32.最早提出“民主”和“科学”口号是
A.李大钊 B.胡适 C.蔡元培 D.陈独秀
33.下列事件发生的先后顺序是( )
(1)一二•九运动 (2)西安事变 (3)百团大战 (4)七•七事变
A.(1)(2)(3)(4) B.(4)(3)(2)(1)
C.(2)(3)(4)(1) D.(1)(2)(4)(3)
34.台儿庄战役中,中国军队的指挥者是( )
A.李宗仁 B.张自忠 C.蔡廷锟 D.蒋光鼐
35.率军开辟大别山解放区的是( )
A.刘伯承、邓小平 B.陈赓 C.陈毅、粟裕 D.林彪
36.新中国外交政策成熟的标志是( )
A.1949年《共同纲领》中宣布的原则 B.和平共处五项原则的提出
C.1955年提出的“求同存异”方针 D.70年代表成的关于三个世界划分的理论
37.中国第一颗原子弹试验爆炸成功是在( )
A.1956年 B.1964年 C.1967年 D.1968年
38.中国提出“求同存异”的外交方针是在
A.1954年日内瓦会议 B.亚非万隆会议 C.开罗会议 D.第26届联合国大会
39.中国在联合国合法席位的恢复是在( )
A.1954年 B.1955年 C.1971年 D.1972年
40.《中华人民共和国义务教育法》的颁布是在( )
A.1978年 B.1983年 C.1984年 D.1986年
41.16世纪早期,主要在美洲进行殖民扩张的国家是( )
A.英国 B.法国 C.葡萄牙 D.西班牙
42.1688年政变后成为英国国王的是( )
A.查理二世 B.詹姆士一世 C.詹姆士二世 D.威廉
43.1814年,发明火车机车的是( )
A.史蒂芬孙 B.富尔敦 C.瓦特 D.阿克莱特
44.18世纪中期世界上最大的殖民国家是( )
A.法国 B.英国 C.西班牙 D.葡萄牙
45.美国独立战争的转折点是( )
A.波士倾茶事件 B.来克星顿枪声 C.萨拉托加大捷 D.约克镇战役
46.下列事件的先后顺序是( )
1.瓦尔密大捷 2.热月政变 3.雾月政变 4.法兰西第一帝国建立
A.(1)(2)(3)(4) B.(2)(3)(4)(1)
C.(1)(3)(2)(3) D.(4)(3)(2)(1)
47.法兰西第二帝国的建立者是( )
A.罗伯期庇尔 B.路易•波拿巴 C.路易十六 D.拿破仑
48.发生于1848—1852年的起义是( )
A.伊朗巴布教徒起义 B.中国太平天国起义 C.印度民族起义 D.阿富汗人民反英起义
49.19世纪中叶被称为“三都”的3个日本城市是( )
A.江户、大坂、京都 B.江户、大坂、神户
C.大坂、京都、神户 D.江户、京都、神户
50.历史上第一个无产阶级政权是( )
A.共产国际 B.正义者同盟 C.共产主义者同盟 D.巴黎公社
51.“三国协约”中的三国是( )
A.德、奥、意 B.英、法、俄 C.英、法、德 D.德、奥、俄
52.朝鲜义兵运动发生于( )
A.1881—1899 B.1905—1908 C.1907—1911 D.1910—1917
53.1914年7月28日第一次世界大战爆发时的宣战国是( )
A.德国向英国宣战 B.德国向塞尔维亚宣战
C.奥匈帝国英法宣战 D.奥匈帝国向塞尔维亚宣战
54.1918年柏林工人、士兵起义的领导者是( )
A.德国共产党 B.社会民主党 C.斯巴达克团 D.独立社会民主党
55.1921年后,英国的正式国名为( )
A.大英帝国 B.大不列颠王国
C.大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国 D.大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国
56.苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟成立时,加盟的共和国是( )
A.乌克兰、外高加索、白俄罗斯、俄罗斯
B.俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、乌克兰、立陶宛
C.外高加索、乌克兰、白俄罗斯、爱沙尼亚
D.外高加索、白俄罗斯、俄罗斯、格鲁吉亚
57.墨索里尼建立法西斯政权是在( )
A.1919年 B.1922年 C.1923年 D.1936年
58.世界反法西斯战争中下述四个事件的时间顺序是( )
(1)慕尼黑阴谋 (2)珍珠港事件 (3)不列颠之战 (4)阿拉曼战役
A.(3)(4)(1)(2) B.(1)(4)(3)(2)
C.(3)(1)(4)(2) D.(1)(3)(2)(4)
59.决定在欧洲开辟第二战场的国际会议是( )
A.德黑兰会议 B.开罗会议 C.华盛顿会议 D.雅尔塔会议
60.宣布“《开罗宣言》之条件必须实施”的文件是( )
A.“波茨坦公告” B.《大西洋宪章》 C.《北大西洋公约》 D.《华沙条约》
二、名词解释(每题5分,共20分)
1、 北魏孝文帝改革



2、 洋务派


3、《权利法案》



4、杜鲁门主义


三、问答(第题10分,共20分)
1. 试述戊戌变法的失败原因、历史意义。


2. 简述新航路开辟的原因、条件及经过。
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1999年历史试题
一、选择题(把正确答案的英文字母填入题后的括号内,每题1分,共60分):
l发现于中国云南元谋的早期人类距今约: ( )
A.170年 B.约80万年 C.约70万年 D.约50万年
2.夏朝的第一个国王是: ( )
久禹 B,启 C.汤 D。桀
3.老子相传的著作是: ( )
丸(论语》 B.{尚书} C{春秋) n{道德经)
4.秦朝的疆域南部到达的地方是: ( )
A.桂林 B.象郡 C南海 D.闽中
5.西汉时社会出现繁荣局面时的皇帝是: ( )
A.汉高祖 B.汉文帝 C.汉景帝 D.汉武帝
6.东汉前期杰出的唯物论思想家是: ( )
A.王充 B.范缜 C.司马迁 D.荀子
7.对形成三国鼎立局面起了决定性作用的战役是: ( )
久官渡之战 B.赤壁之战 C.淝水之战 D.巨鹿之战
8.东晋的著名诗人是: ( )
A.屈原 D.陶潜 C.李白 D.顾恺之
9.581年,杨坚夺取北周政权,建立隋朝,定都: ( )
A.长安 B.洛阳 C.成都 D.建康
10.唐朝的开国皇帝是: ( )
A.唐太宗 B.唐玄宗 C.唐高祖 D.唐高宗
l1.唐朝由强盛走向衰落的转折点是: ( )
A.藩镇割据 B.黄剿起义 C.安史之乱 D.开元盛世
12.被后世尊称为“药王”的唐朝医学家是: ( )
A.扁鹊 B.张仲景 C.华陀 D.孙思邈
13.废掉唐朝最后一个皇帝的人是: ( )
A.朱温 B.赵匡胤 C.石守信 D.元昊
14.1115年,阿骨打称帝建金的地点是: ( )
A.上京 B。东京 C.会宁 D.兴庆
15.元朝时称台湾为: ( )
A.夷洲 B.流求 C.流球 D.琉球
16.指南针应用于航海事业开始于: ( )
A三国 B.北宋 C.南宋 D.元朝
17.明朝建立的时间是 ( 》
A.1368年 B.1417年 C.1616年 D.960年
18.明朝中期,抗击倭寇的民族英雄是 ( )
A.岳飞 B.文天祥 C.戚继光 D.郑成功
19.被称为“中国十七世纪的工艺百科全书”是: ( )
A.《农政全书》 B.《天工开物》 C.《本草纲目》 D.《梦溪笔谈》
20.清朝时期,赐予西藏喇嘛教首领五世达赖“达赖喇嘛’封号的皇帝是: ( )
A.顺治 B.康熙 C.雍正 n.乾隆
2l.鸦片战争中,在虎门壮烈捐躯的清朝爱国将领是: ( )
A.关天培 B.葛云飞 C.陈化成 D.王锡朋
22.规定外国公使可以进驻北京的条约是: ( )
A.《南京条约》 B.《虎门条约》 C.《北京条约》 D.《天津条约》
23.标志着太平天国初步建立了政权的事件是: ( )
A金田起义 B。东乡称“天王” C.定都天京 D.永安建制
24.洋务派开始掀起洋务运动的时间是: ( )
A.19世纪50年代 B.19世纪60年代
C.19世纪70年代 D.19世纪80年代
25.资产阶级维新派实际上的施政纲领是: ( )
久“公车上书” B,《应诏统筹全局折》 C《变法通议》 D.《资政新篇》
26.华兴会的主要领导人是: ( )
A.孙中山 B.章太炎 C.黄兴 D.刘静庵
27.“二次革命“中,在湖口起义宣布江西独立的是: ( )
A.李烈钧 D.柏文蔚 C.胡权民 D.孙中山
28.“府院之争”反映的矛盾是: ( )
A.冯国璋与段棋瑞 B.曹锟与段棋瑞 C.冯国璋与张作霖 D.黎元洪与段棋瑞
29.“诗界革命”中成绩最大的诗人是: ( 》
九黄遵宪 B.梁启超 C.严复 D.谭嗣同
30.京剧的最终形成时间是: ( )
A.18世纪末 B.19世纪初 C.19世纪中期 D.19世纪末
3L《新青年》的创办人是: ( )
A.胡适 B.鲁迅 C.李大钊 D.陈独秀
32.中国第一个共产主义小组成立的地点是: ( )
A.北京 B.上海 C.长沙 D.,武汉
33.国民党“一大”召开的时伺是: ( )
A.1921年 B.1922年 C.1923年 D.1924年
34.国民政府形式上统一全国的标志是: ( )
A.南京国民政府建立 B.“宁汉合流” C.蒋桂战争结束 D.东北易帜
35.t927年,秋收起义的领导人是: ( )
A.毛泽东 B.周恩来 C.朱德 D.邓小平
36。抗战开始后,中国军队打的第一个胜仗是: ( )
A.平型关战役 B,雁门关战役 C百团大战 D.台尔庄战役
37.1949年中国人民政治协商会议召开的地点是; ( )
A.西柏坡 B.北平 C.重庆 D.延安
38,西藏和平解放的时间是; ( )
A.1949年 B.1950年 C.1951年 D.1952年
39.“文革”中,周恩来主持日常工作是在: ( )
A.“文革”开始后 B.“一月革命”后
C.二月抗争后 D.“九一三”事件后
40.澳门回归中国的时间是: ( )
A.1997年 B.1998年 CA999年 D.2000年
41.古代埃及金字塔建造的鼎盛期是: ( )
A古王国时期 B.中王国时期 C.新王田时期 D.希腊时期
42.汉谟拉比是下列哪个王朝的国王: ( )
A.古巴比伦王国 B.阿卡德王国 C.亚述帝国 D.新巴比伦王国
43、下列哪个国家是第一个地跨欧亚非的大帝国 ( )
A、亚述 B.波斯 C、马其顿 D、罗马
44、古希腊悲剧{被缚的普罗米修斯}的作者是: ( )
A、埃斯库;罗斯 B、阿里斯托芬 C、柏拉图 D、亚里士多德
45、号称41平等人公社”的希腊城邦是 ( )
A、斯巴达 B.雅典 C.科林斯 D、阿哥斯
46、下列著作中哪部是由恺撒所作: ( )
A、《罗马史} B,〈高卢战记》 C《远征记》 O。《自然史》
47、首先提出太阳中心说的是: , ( )
A.哥白尼 B.布鲁诺 C、开普勒 D、伽利略
48、下列各点属于权利法案的内容是: ( )
(1)人生来是自由的,并且在权利上是平等的
(2)不经议会同意,国王不能征税
(3)不经议会同意,国王不能在和平时期维持常备军
(4)议会有权监督大臣的活动
A、(1)(2) B、(2)(4) C、(1)(3) D、(2)(3)
49、来克星顿枪声发生在: ( )
A.1775年4月 B.1776年8月 C.1777年2月 D.1778年1月
50、门罗宣言发布的时间是: ( )
A.1520年 B.1821年 C.1822年 D.1823年
51、1789年7月14日是下列哪个事件发生的时间: ( )
A、瓦尔密大捷 B.攻占巴士底狱 C、热月政变 D,滑铁卢铁役
52、俄国1861年改革的推行者是: ( )
A、彼得一世 B、沙皇亚历山大二世 C.叶卡特林娜二世 D,彼得二世
53、根据{宅地法》,凡美国公民只要交付10美元的手续费,就可以在西部得到多少土地:
( )
A、30公顷 B.40公顷 C.50公顷 D.64公顷
54、在1857--]859年印度民族起义中,最早爆发起义的地点是: ( )
A.密拉特 B、勒克瑙 C、德里 D、詹西
55、日本进入帝国主义阶段的特征是: ( )
A、久托拉斯帝国主义 B、高利货帝阻主义
C、带封建性、军事性的帝国主义 D、军事封建帝国主义
56、19世纪末在非洲古有殖民地人口最多的欧洲国家是; ( )
久英国 B、德国 C、法国 D、比利时
57.提出建立国际联盟的建议的是: ( )
A、罗斯福 B、威尔逊 C、克里盂梭 D、劳和乔治
58.一战后英国政党政治发生了变化: ( )
A、自由党势衰,工党势强 B.工党势衰,自由党势强
C、保守党势强,工党势衰 D.自由党势强,保守党势衰
59.1929—1933年的经济大危机席卷了: ( )
A、包括苏联在内,的所有国家 B.整个资本主义世界
C、英、法、美等国 D、德、意,日等国
60.”1955年召开的第一次没有西方殖民国家参加的亚非会议的会址是: ( )
A、开罗 B、新德里 C、万隆 D、加达
二、名词解释(每题5分,共20分):
1、《资治通鉴》
2、“一’二八”事变
3、明知维新
4.(北大西洋公约}
三、问答(每题10分,共20分):
1.《辛丑条约》的主要内容及其对中国的危害什么?
2.比较三次科技革命,并谈谈你的认识。
1999年历史答案
一、单项选择
1(A) 2(B) 3(D) 4(c) 5(D) 6(A) 7(B) 8(B) 9(A) 10(C) 11(11)12(D) 13(A)14(C)
15(D) 16(B)17(A) 18(C) 19(B) 20(A) 21(A) 22(D)23(D) 24(B) 25(B) 26(C)
27(A) 28(D) 29(A) 30(C) 31(D)32(B) 33(D) 34(D) 35(A) 36(A) 37(B) 38(C)
39(D) 40(C) 41(A) 42(A) 43(B)44(A) 45(A) 46(B) 47(A) 48(D) 49(A)50(D)
51(B) 52(B)B) 53(D) 54(A) 55(C) 56(A) 57(B) 58(A) 59(B)60(C)
二、名词解释
l、《资治通鉴》
北宋司马光主持编写的编年体通史巨著,近300卷。它按年月顺序,叙述从战国到五代1300多年的历史,总结出许多历史经验教训,供封建统治阶级作政治活动的借鉴,对研究中国古代历史有重要的参考价值。
2、“一•二八”事变:
1932年1月18日,为了扩大对华侵略,日军突然袭击上海。“一•二八”事变爆发。十九路军在爱国将领蔡廷锟、蒋光鼎指挥下,奋起抵抗。但国民政府不支持此次抗战,反而同日本侵略军签定了《淞沪停战协定》,允许日军留驻上海。
3、明治维新:
推翻幕府统治以后建立起来的明治政府,为了巩固以天皇为首的新政权,采取了一系列资产阶级性质的改革措施,如废藩置县,废除土地买卖禁令、关卡和行会制度,实行义务教育等等,史称“明治维新”。它使日本走上了发展资本主义的道路,逐步摆脱民族危机,成为亚洲的强国。
4、《北大西洋公约》
1949年4月,以美国为首的西方12国代表,在华盛顿签定《北大西祥公约》规定“进行集体防御,”当一国遭到“武装袭击”时,其他缔约国应<(采取视必要之行动,包括武力之使用。根据该公约成立的北大西洋公约组织,为一军事政治集团。
三、问答
1、(辛丑条约}的主要内容及其对中国的危害:
1901年,清政府被迫同俄、英等11国签定丧权辱国的《辛丑条约》主要内容有:
(1)清政府赔款白银43亿两,分39年还清,本息共计9.8亿两;
(2)拆毁北京至大沽之间的炮台,允许各国派兵驻守北京到山海关铁路沿线要地;
(3)划定北京东交民巷为“使馆界”,允许各国驻兵保护,不准中国人居住;
(4)惩办义和园运动中参加反帝斗争的官吏,永远禁止中国人民成立或加入反帝性质的组织,对反帝国运动镇压不力的官吏“即行革职,永不录用”;
(5)把总理衙门改为外务部,位居六部之首。
危害:
(1)巨额赔款给中国人民增加了新的沉重负担;
(2)严重损害了中国的主权;
(3)清政府完全变成帝国主义统治中国的工具;
(4)标志着中国半殖民地半封建社会的形成。
2、比较三次科技革命,井淡谈你的认识。
18世纪下半期,开始于英国的工业革命,是近现代史上的第一次技术革命,它以蒸汽机的广泛使用为主要标志;
从l9世纪70年代起,发生了第二次技术革命,它以电力的广泛运用为主要标志;
第二次世界大战后发生在第三次科技革命,是以原子能、电子计算机,微电子技术、航天技术等为主要标志的。
三次科技革命告诉我们,、科学技术是生产力发展的最重要的推动力,科学技术是第一生产力
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1998年历史试卷
一、选择题(把正确答案的英文字母代号填入题后的括号内,每题1分,共60分)
1.现在知道中国境内最早的古人类是: ( )
A.北京人 B.元谋人 C.蓝田人 D.山顶洞人
2.中国最早的奴隶制国家夏朝建立的时间是: ( )
A.公元前21世纪 B.公元前16世纪 C.公元前475年 D。公元前221年
3.儒家学派的创造人是: ( )
A.孔子 B.老子 C.孟子 D。庄子
4.秦朝为巩固封建主义中央集权制,在地方推行: ( )
A.井田制 B.分封制 C.郡县制 D.租庸调制
5,西汉的都城设在长安,即今天的: ( )
A.北京 B.天津 C.开封 D.西安
6.下面是汉时丝绸之路的几个地点,如果从长安出发,哪一组数字的排序是正确的: ( )
1.大秦 2.河西走廊 3.安息等地 4。今新疆
A.(1)(2)(3)(4) B.(2)(4)(3)(1) C.(2)(3)(4)(1) D.(3)(4)(2)(¨
7.曹操在统一北方过程中,起决定性作用的战役是: ( )
A.官渡之战 B.赤壁之战 C.昆明之战 D.淝水之战
8.南朝时,中国最伟大的数学家是: ( )
A.贾思勰 B.范缜 C.王羲之 D.祖冲之
9.三国时,孙权派将军卫温率万人船队到夷洲,夷洲即今天的: ( )
A.越南 B.泰国 C.台湾 D.朝鲜
10.中国的科举制最早设于: ( )
A.隋朝 B.唐朝 C.宋朝 D.明朝
11.唐朝进入全盛时期是在: ( )
A.唐玄宗统治时期 B.唐太宗统治时期 C.武则天统治时期 D.唐高宗统治时期
12.唐朝与吐藩的关系“和同为一家”吐藩是哪一个民族的祖先: ( )
A.藏族 B.维吾尔族 C.满族 D.回族
13.北宋中期著名的政治改革家是: ( )
A.司马光 B.苏轼 C.王安石 D.岳飞
14.毕升发明的活字版用的是: ( )
A铜活字 B.铅活字 C木活字 D。陶活字
15.元朝建立的时间是: ( )
A.1206年 B.1260年 C.1271年 D.1276年
16.在中国古代,新王朝的建立者有这样几类人,朱元璋可归属为: ( )
A.11]:F朝的高官 B。某一少数民族的首领 C.农民起义领袖 D.某一诸候国的国君
17.明末农民起义领袖是: ( )
A.李白成 B.王小波、李颅 C.黄巢 D.陈胜、吴广
18.下列各项中,属于清朝初年加强皇权措施的是: ( )
A.大兴文字狱 B.设三省六部制 C设行省制度 D.设军机处
19.1696年,清军大败噶尔丹于: ( )
A.乌兰布通 B.伊犁 C.昭莫多 D.雅克萨
20.北京作为中国的都城开始于下面哪一个朝代: ( )
A.宋 B.元 C.明 D.清
21.英国发动侵略中国的鸦片战争爆发于: ( )
A.1839年 B.1840年 C.1841年 D.1842年
22.阐述“师夷之长技以制夷”这一新思想的著作是: ( )
A.《四洲志》 B.《资政新篇》 C.{海国图志》 D.{天演论,
23.在第二次鸦片战争中,侵占中国大片领土的资本主义国家是: ( )
A.法国 B.英国 C.美国 D。沙俄
24.太平天国发生“天京事变”的直接原因是: ( )
A.定都天京后,太平天国领导集团进取心减退 B.领导集团开始腐化,日益脱离群众 c.清政府挑拨离间 D.杨秀清居功自傲,逼洪秀全封他为“万岁’
25.中国无产阶级产生于: ( )
A.19世纪四、五十年 B.19世纪六、七十年代
C.19世纪末 D.20世纪初
26.19世纪六、七十年代,洋务派创办了一批近代军事工业,江南制造总局的创办人是:( )
A.曾国藩 B.李鸿章 C.左宗棠 D.崇厚
27.台湾正式建立行省是在: ( )
A.鸦片战争以后 B.第二次鸦片战争以后 C.中法战争以后 D.中日甲午战争以后
28.下列战役,属于1883年至1885年中法战争的是: ( )
A.黄海战役 B.威海卫战役 C.虎门之战 D.镇南关大捷
29.标志中国完全陷入半殖民地半封建社会的不平等条约是; ( )
A.〈〈南京条约〉〉 B.《天津条约》 C.《马关条约》 D.〈〈辛丑条约〉〉
30.孙中山创建的革命组织是: ( )
A.兴中会 B。华兴会 C.光复会 D.保国会
31.在新文化运动中,最早提出以白话文代替文言文主张的是: ( )
A.李大钊 B.胡适 C.蔡元培 D.鲁迅
32.中共“一大”选举出的中央局书记是: ( )
A.毛泽东 B.瞿秋白 C.陈独秀 D.王明
33.北伐战争期间,中国人民收回的租界是: ( )
A.汉口英租界和九江英租界 B.上海英租界和汉口俄租界
C.汉口俄租界和九江英租界 D.九江英租界和上海英租界
34.抗日战争初期,台儿庄战役发生在: ( )
A.徐州会战期间 B.淞沪会战期间 C.武汉会战期间 D.太原会战期间
35.毛泽东在中共“七大”所作的政治报告是: ( )
A.〈〈新民主主义论〉〉 D.(论联合政府)
C.〈〈论反对日本帝国主义的策略〉〉 D.〈〈论持久战〉〉
36.1945年8月国共两党在重庆谈判,签订的协定是: ( )
A.〈〈国内和平协定〉〉 B.〈〈共同纲领〉〉 C〈〈双十协定〉〉 D.〈〈停战协定〉〉
37.<<家>>一书的作者是: ( )
A.鲁迅 B.茅盾 C.老舍 D.巴金
38.1954年中国第一届全国人民代表大会制定了: ( )
A.<<中国土地法大纲>> B.<<中华人民共和国土地改革法>>
C.<<中华人民共和囝宪法>> D.社会主义建设总路线
39.被誉为中国“两弹元勋”的科学家是: ( )
A.钱学森 B.华罗庚 C.赵忠尧 D.邓稼先
40.下列历史事件发生在先后顺序是: ( )
A.“四五”运动 B.<<五•一六通知>>发表
C.大跃进运动 D.中共十一届三中全会
A.(1)(2)(3)(4) B.(2)(1)(3)(4) C.(4)(3)(2)(1) D.(3)(2)(1)(4)
41.埃及统一奴隶制国家开始形成的时间是; ( )
A.公元前2500年左右 B.公元前3.500年左右
C.公元前3100年左右 D.公元前1894年
42.罗马帝国的建立者是: ( )
A.梭伦 B.屋大维 C.凯撒 D.伯利克里
43.基督教会正式分裂为东、西两部的时间是: ( )
A.843年 B.1358年 C.1381年 D.1054年
44.穆罕默德带着少数信徒,建立政教合一国家的地方是; ( )
A.麦地那 B.巴格达 C.开罗 D.麦加
45.印第安人中的印加入培植的重要农作物是; ( )
A.小麦 B.大麦 C.马铃薯 D.水稻
46.意大利文艺复兴运动的先驱是: ( )
A.但丁 B.达•芬奇 C.普林尼 D.莎士比亚
47.滑铁卢战役发生的时间和地点: ( )
A.1807年在西班牙 B.1812年在俄国
C.1813年在德意志 D.1815年在布鲁塞尔附近
48.在历史上曾经三次瓜分波兰的国家是: ( )
A.俄国 B.普鲁士 C.瑞典 D.奥地利
49,江户时代(1603年一1868)年,被称为“三都”的三座日本城市是: ( )
A.江户、长崎,下关 B.京都、神户、大坂
C.大坂、横滨、函馆 D.扛户、大坂、京都
50.德国统一完成的时间是: ( )
A.1864年 B.1866年 C.1870年 D.1971年
51.19世纪70年代创制了发电机,是根据: ( )
A.爱迪生的发明 B.卡尔•本茨的设计
C.贝尔的试验 D.法拉第从试验中发现的原理
52.在下列帝国主义国家中,19世纪末20世纪初在经济上超过其他国家,名列前茅的是:( )
A.英国和法国 B.美国和德国 C.俄国和日本 D.英国和日本
53.第一次世界大战中,英军首次使用坦克的战役是: ( )
A.马恩河战役 B.凡尔登战役 C.索姆河战役 D.巴尔干战场
54.第一次世界大战结束后,提出建立国际联盟的建议的是; ( )
九劳治•乔尔 B.克里孟梭 C威尔逊 D.罗斯福
55.下列法西斯首领中,谁最早攫取的政权: ( )
九希特勒 B.墨索里尼 C东条英机 D.佛朗哥
56.苏联正式建立于: ( )
丸1917年 B.1921年 C.1922年 D,1936年
57.1938年9月,出席幕尼黑会议的有哪些国家的首脑: ( )
A.捷克斯洛伐克、德国、法国、英国 B.德、法、英、意
C.捷、德、英、意 认捷、德、法、意
58.决定在欧洲开辟第二战场的国际会议是; ( )
九开罗会议 B.德黑兰会议 C雅尔塔会议 D.波茨坦会议
59.北大西洋公约签订于: ( )
A.1947年 B.1949年 C.1952年 D.1955年
60.1990年东欧、苏联发生的事件中不包括: ( )
A.两个德国统一 B.立陶宛、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚独立
C.东欧共产党纷纷丧失政权 D.南斯拉夫一分为五
二,名词解释(每题5分,共20分);
司马迁


重庆谈判



(解放黑奴宣言)



“三•一”独立运动



三、问答(每题10分,共20分)
1. 试述洋务运动的内容及其历史作用。



2. 英国资产阶级革命的原因及其历史意义述评





1998年历史答案
一、选择题
1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.D 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 21.B 22.C 23.D 24.D 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.D 29.D 30.A 31.B 32.C 33.A 34.A 35.B 36.C 37.D 38.C 39.D 40.D 41.C 42.B 43.D 44.A 45.C 46.A 47.D 48.A 49.D 50.C 51.D 52.B 53.C 54.C 55.B 56.C 57.B 58.B 59.B 60.D
二、名词解释
1.司马迁
西汉杰出的史学家,任太史令期间,写成一部50多万字的史学著作{史记),以纪传的体例,叙述了从黄帝到汉武帝时期的二三千年间的史事,这是我国第一部通史,也成为我国传记文学和历代王朝编写史书的典范。
2.重庆谈判:
解放战争时期国共党举行的一次和平谈判。蒋介石的目的是争取时间准备内战。共产党要求国民党承认解放区的民主政权和人民军队的合法地位;同时同意让出长扛以南苏南等八个解放区。双方于1945年10月lO日签订了《会谈纪要》又称《双十协定》协定规定坚决避免内战,在和平、民主、团结、统一的基础上,建设独立、自由、富强的新中国。
3.《解放黑奴宣言》
1862年林肯政府颁布的重要宣言,规定从1863年1月1日起废除叛乱诸州的奴隶制,允许奴隶作为自由人参加联邦的军队。这个法令激发了黑人奴隶的革命积极性。
4.“三•一”独立运动:
1919年3月1日爆发的朝鲜人民反对日本殖民统治、争取民族独立的群众运动。起义从汉城开始,迅速席卷整个朝鲜。最后被日本帝国主义镇压下去。
三、问答:
1.试述洋务运动的内容及其历史作用。
内容:
第二次鸦片战争后,在镇压太平天国和同外国资本主义打交道的过程中,清朝统治阶级中一部分较为开明的人土,认识到西方武器和科学技术的先进,开始于19世纪60至90年代掀起以“自强”“求富”为口号,巩固清朝统治为目的的洋务运动,具体措施有:
(1) 采用西方资本主义国家的技术,举办了一批官办的近代军事工业和民用工业。前者主要有曾国藩创办的安庆军械所,李鸿章创办的江南制造总局等,使用新式机器和西方工厂的组织形式,产品供国家和军队使用;后者主要有上海轮船招商局和开平煤矿等,采用官办、官督商办、官商合办的形式,部分产品作为商品交换。
(2) 开办新式学堂,派遗留学生。
(3) 翻译西方科技书籍、引进西方先进的科学技术。
作用:
(1) 引进了西方先进技术
(2) 培养了一批技术人员
(3) 使一些官僚、商人投资于近代工业,在客观上刺激了中国资本主义的发展,对外国经济势力也起了一定的抵制作用。
2. 英国资产阶级革命的原因及历史意义述评。
原因:
新航路开辟后,英国利用有利的地理位置,积极开展对外贸易和海上冒险活动,同时开展殖民活动,资本主义迅速发展起来,资产阶级和新贵族的力量随之强大。
1603年开始统治英国的斯田亚特王朝却厉行专制统治,独断专横,严重地阻碍了资本主义的发展。当时的英国议会已经形成了一个传统,没有它的同意不能制订法律,不得征税。因此,国王同议会关系紧张。
查理一世征收各种苛捐杂税,把持和出售各种专卖权,导致社会矛盾激化。与议会的关系也更加恶化,几次解敌议会,长期不召集议会。
1638年,苏格兰人首先起来反对国王的专制统治。查理一世为了筹措军费镇压起义,被迫召集议会。新议会坚持限制王权,,国王力图压制,终于导致革命爆发。
历史意义:
英国确立了君主立宪制的政体。确立了资产阶级和新贵族在英国的统治地位。
是资本主义制度对封建制度的一次重大胜利,推毁了封建制度对资本主义制度发展的障碍。
揭开了欧美资产阶级革命的序幕,具有世界意义。

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